< Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic

Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/matu

This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Japonic

Pronunciation
  • Accent class: 2.4a

Noun

*matu

  1. pine, pine tree
Descendants
  • Old Japanese: 松 (matu)
    • Japanese: 松 (matsu, Heian LH,[1] Tokyo 1 [HL(L)], Kyoto 1 [LH ~ LL(H)], Kagoshima B [LH(L)][2])
  • Proto-Ryukyuan: *matu (tone class C)
    • Northern Ryukyuan:
      • Kikai: 松 (matu)
      • Kunigami: 松 (machi /⁠mátɕì⁠/)
      • ⇒ Northern Amami-Oshima: 松木 (matsïgï)
      • Okinawan: 松 (mātsi /⁠màːtsì⁠/)
      • ⇒ Oki-No-Erabu: 松木 (machigi /⁠màtɕígí⁠/)
      • Southern Amami-Oshima: 松 (mat /⁠mát̩⁠/)
      • ⇒ Toku-No-Shima: 松木 (matsïgï /⁠mátsɨ̀gɨ̀⁠/)
      • ⇒ Yoron: 松木 (machigi /⁠mátɕígí⁠/)
    • Southern Ryukyuan:
      • Miyako: 松 (matsï)
      • Yaeyama: 松 (matsï /⁠mátsɨ́⁠/)
      • Yonaguni: 松 (machi /⁠màtɕî⁠/)

Pronunciation
  • Accent class: L-[3]

Verb

*matu (infinitive *mati)

  1. to wait
Descendants
  • Old Japanese: 待 (matu)
  • Proto-Ryukyuan: *mati
    • Northern Ryukyuan:
      • Kikai: 待ちゅい (machui)
      • Kunigami: 待ち゚ゅん (macun)
      • Northern Amami-Oshima: 待と゚ぅり (maθuri)
      • Okinawan: 待ちゅん (machun)
      • Oki-No-Erabu: 待っちゅん (matchun)
      • Southern Amami-Oshima: 待ちゅむっ (machum)
      • Toku-No-Shima: 待つぃ (matsi)
      • Yoron: 待ちゅん (machun)
    • Southern Ryukyuan:

References
  1. “まつ 【松】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) Paid subscription required‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
  2. Hirayama, Teruo, editor (1960), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
  3. Martin, Samuel E. (1987) “matu”, in The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 721
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