Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/fēmanā

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

Etymology

From earlier *θēmanā, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁m̥h₁néh₂, from *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to nurse, suckle”).

Noun

*fēmanā f

woman

Declension

ā-stemDeclension of *fēmanā (ā-stem)
case	singular	plural
nominative	*fēmanā	*fēmanās
vocative	*fēmana	*fēmanās
accusative	*fēmanam	*fēmanans
genitive	*fēmanās	*fēmanāzom
dative	*fēmanāi	*fēmanais
ablative	*fēmanād	*fēmanais
locative	*fēmanāi	*fēmanais

Descendants

Latin: fēmina
- Dalmatian:
  - femia
- Balkan Romance:
  - Aromanian: feamin
  - Romanian: famen
  - → Albanian: femër, femën
- Italo-Romance:
  - Corsican: femina
  - Istriot: fimana
  - Italian: femmina
  - Neapolitan: femmena
  - Sicilian: fìmmina
- Sardinian:
  - femina, emina, femia
- Padanian:
  - Lombard: femna, fomna, fonna
  - Friulian: femine
  - Ladin: femena
  - Piedmontese: fomna, fombra
  - Romansch: femna
  - Venetian: fémena
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
  - Franco-Provençal: fèna
  - Old French: fame, fam, feme
    - Bourbonnais-Berrichon: fonne
    - Bourguignon: fanne, fonne
    - Champenois: fanme, fonme, fomme
    - Gallo: fame, fom
    - Lorrain: fomme
    - Middle French: femme (see there for further descendants)
    - Norman: femme, fâme, faume, faumme; foume; fenme, foume, fenme
    - Picard: fanme, féme, feume
    - Walloon: feme
    - → Middle English: femme, feme
      - English: femme, feme
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
  - Catalan: fembra
  - Old Occitan: femna, feme
    - Occitan: femna, (Gascon) hemna, frema
- Ibero-Romance:
  - Asturian: fema
  - Old Galician-Portuguese: femea, femẽa
    - Galician: femia
    - Portuguese: fêmea
      - Kabuverdianu: fémia
  - Old Spanish: femna, fembra
    - Spanish: hembra
      - → English: hembra
- Borrowings:
  - → Ido: femino
  - → English: femina (perhaps via Italian)
  - → Spanish: fémina

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