< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/wiHr̥Háh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

Unknown; possibly from *wi- (intensifier prefix) +‎ *Hr̥Háh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hr̥Hás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂réh₁-s ~ *h₂r̥h₁-és, from *h₂reh₁- (“to think”) +‎ *-s.

Adjective

*wiHr̥Háh

  1. intelligent

Descendants
  • Khotanese: [script needed] (vira)
  • *wiHráHwah

Derived terms
  • *awiHr̥Hakah
    • Pashto: ورک (vrëk, vuruk, “forgotten”)
  • *awiHr̥Hyáh (“forgotten”)[1]
    • Northern Kurdish: bîr
    • Pashto: هېر (her), وهېر (vaher)
    • Zazaki: ڤیرا (vîra)
  • *HhuwiHr̥Háh (“intelligent”)
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬵𐬎𐬬𐬍𐬭𐬀 (huvīra), 𐬵𐬬𐬍𐬭𐬀 (hvīra)
    • Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwwyl /⁠huwīr⁠/)[2] (ghost word?)

Noun

*wiHr̥Háh[3]

  1. memory
  2. mind

Descendants
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: گیر (gir)
    • Kurdish:
      • Central Kurdish: بیر (bîr)
      • Northern Kurdish: bîr f, bîhr
    • Medo-Parthian:
      • Kermanic: vīr
      • Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
        • Gurani: ویر m (wîr)
        • Zazaki: ڤیر m (vîr)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wyl /⁠wīr⁠/)
      • Bakhtiari: ڤیر (vir)
      • Northern Luri: ڤیر (vir)
      • Persian: بیر (bir), ویر (vir)
      • ⇒ Middle Persian: (/⁠wīrōmandī⁠/, “memory”)
        Manichaean script: 𐫇𐫏𐫡𐫇𐫖𐫗𐫅𐫏𐫏 (wyrwmndyy)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wylʾwmndyh)

Further reading
  • The template Template:R:kmr:Rizgar does not use the parameter(s): 
    2=45
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Rizgar, Baran (1993) “bir²”, in Kurdish–English, English–Kurdish Dictionary, London: M. F. Onen
  • Bartholomae, Christian (1904) “j. ²hvīra-, hu-vīra-”, in Altiranisches Wörterbuch [Old Iranian Dictionary]‎ (in German), Strassburg: K. J. Trübner, column 1858

References
  1. Morgenstierne, Georg (1927) An Etymological Vocabulary of Pashto (Skrifter utgitt av det Norske Videnskapsakademi i Oslo; 3), Oslo: J. Dybwad, page 30: “*a-wairya-”
  2. Bailey, H. W. (1979) “vira”, in Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 387: “From base vai-: vi- ‘be keen’”
  3. Asatrian, Garnik (2011) “vīr”, in A Comparative Vocabulary of Central Iranian Dialects‎ (in Persian), Tehran: Safir Ardehal Publications, page 421: “*wīra-”
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