< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/kawfáh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kawpʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *kowpéh₂-s ~ *kowph₂-és, from *kowp-éh₂ (“hump”), from *kew-p-, from *kew- (“bend”).[1] Cognate with Kamkata-viri kū, Prasuni kū (“hump”).

Noun

*kawfáh[1][2]

  1. mountain

Descendants
  • Central Iranian:
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬐𐬀𐬊𐬟𐬀 (kaofa)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Ossetian:
      Digor Ossetian: хонх (xonx)
      Iron Ossetian: хох (xox)
    • Yagnobi: [script needed] (kʉʰ)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Ormuri: [script needed] (kọ̄)
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:
      • Munji: [script needed] (kifa)
      • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:
        • Shughni: [script needed] (kū)
        • Vanji: [Term?] (kub)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: [script needed] (kōpag)
    • Kurdish:
      Central Kurdish: کێو (kêw)
      Northern Kurdish: kov-, kûv- (in kovî, kûvî (“wild”))
      Southern Kurdish: کۊە (küe)
      Laki: کۊی (küy)
    • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
      • Parthian: [script needed] (qwp), [script needed] (kwp), [script needed] (qwf), [script needed] (kwf /⁠kōf⁠/)
      • Zazaki: ko (kō)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Kumzari: كُو (kō)
    • Old Persian: 𐎣𐎢𐎳 (k-u-f /⁠kaufa⁠/)
      • Middle Persian:
        Manichaean script: 𐫐𐫇𐫛 (kwp), 𐫞𐫇𐫛 (qwp), 𐫐𐫇𐫜 (kwf)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (kwp)
  • → Old Armenian: -կոհ (-koh) in Կապկոհ (Kapkoh, “Caucasus”)
  • → Aynu: [script needed] (kox)

References
  1. Cathcart, Chundra Aroor (2015) Iranian Dialectology and Dialectometry (PhD dissertation)‎, Berkeley: University of California at Berkeley, page 22
  2. Novák, Ľubomír (2013) Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation)‎, Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 204
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