< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/cwíšah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

Unknown; perhaps from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwíšas, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwís-o-s, from *ḱweys- (“to hiss, whistle, whisper”).

Noun

*cwíšah[1]

  1. louse

Descendants
  • Central Iranian:
    • Younger Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬌𐬱 (spiš)
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Ossetian:
      Digor Ossetian: систӕ (sistæ)
      Iron Ossetian: сыст (syst)
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (spʾh)
      • Proto-Sogdic:
        • Sogdian: [script needed] (špšh /⁠šp(i)š⁠/)
        • Yagnobi: špuš (šᵘpúš, šⁱpúš)
    • Wakhi: šiš
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Ormuri-Parachi:
      • Ormuri: [script needed] (spōī), [script needed] (spūī)
      • Parachi: espō, ispō
    • Proto-Pathan:
      • Pashto: شپږه (špëģa), سپږه (spëģa), (Waziri) [script needed] (spaža)
      • Waneci: [script needed] (zɣānzi)
    • Ishkashimi: [script needed] (s(ь)puḷ), [script needed] (s(ь)pьl)
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:
      • Proto-Munji-Yidgha:
        • Munji: [script needed] (s(ᵊ)pəyă)
        • Yidgha: [script needed] (spūo), [script needed] (špūo)
      • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:
        • Proto-Shughni-Roshani:
          • Sarikoli: sipal
          • Shughni: сипаг̌ (sipaɣ̌), (Bajui, Bartangi, Khufi, Oroshori, Rushani) сипав̌ (sipaw), сипа̄в̌ (sipāw)
        • Yazghulami: сәпав̌ (səpaw), спав̌ (spaw)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Sangisari: اسپز (espaz)
    • Baluchi: [script needed] (šiš)
    • Caspian:
      • Gilaki: سبج (səbəj)
      • Mazanderani: اسبیج (isbīǰ), اسپیج (ispīǰ)
    • Kurdish:
      Northern Kurdish: spih, spî
      Central Kurdish: ئەسپێ (espê), سپێ (spê)
      Southern Kurdish: سِپیە (sipye)
      Laki: ئِسپِژ (ispij)
    • Old Median: *spišah
      • Middle Median: *spiš
        • Kermanic:
          Ashtiani: esbéza
          Khunsari: ešpiž
          Nayini: šibiš
          Yazdi: šeweš
        • Sivandi: peš
        • Proto-Tatic:
          • Alviri-Vidari: [script needed] (isbiǰ)
          • Talysh:
            Asalemi: اسبج (əsbəj)
          • Old Tati:
            • Farvi: espej
            • Ramandi: espeja
            • Shahrudi:
              Koluri: esbej
              Shali: sebej
        • → Middle Persian: [Term?] (/⁠spiš⁠/)
          • Classical Persian: شپش (šipiš)
            • Dari: ایشپیش (išpiš)
              • Hazaragi: [script needed] (išpíš)
            • Iranian Persian: شپش (šepeš)
            • Sistani: پش (paš)
            • Tajik: шабушк (šabušk)
    • Semnani:
      • Sangisari: اسپز (ɛspaz)
      • Sorkhei: [script needed] (teš)
    • Zaza-Gurani:
      • Gurani: ھەشپشی (hašpišī)
      • Zazaki: espice (aspiǰa), espije (aspiža)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Larestani–Gulf:
      • Gulf:
        • Bashkardi:
          Bandari: [script needed] (šöš), [script needed] (šüš)
          Hormozi: [script needed] (šöš)
          Minābi: [script needed] (šöš)
        • Kumzari:
          Kumzari: šöš
          Lāraki: šiš
      • Lari-Fars:
        • Southwestern Fars:
        Judeo-Shirazi: [script needed] (teš)
        Larestani: [script needed] (heš), [script needed] (eš)
    • Bakhtiari: [script needed] (šeš)

References
  1. Cathcart, Chundra Aroor (2015) Iranian Dialectology and Dialectometry (PhD dissertation)‎, Berkeley: University of California at Berkeley, page 135
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