< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hanguǰatu

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From *Hangwr̥ (“extract, resin”) +‎ *ǰátu (“gum”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰátu.

Noun

*Hanguǰatu n[1][2][3][4]

  1. asafoetida

Descendants
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Scythian: *anguǰatu
      • Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *angujətu
        • Proto-Saka: *aṃgūṣḍɨ
          • Khotanese: [script needed] (aṃgūṣḍä)
    • Proto-Sogdic: *angwažt[3]
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Central Kurdish: ھەنگوژە (henguje)
    • Parthian: *angužad
      • → Old Armenian: *անգուժատ (*angužat)
      • → Classical Persian: انگژد (angužad)
        • ⇒ Classical Persian: انگزد (anguzad) (hybridizing with the inherited form)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Classical Persian: انگوزه (angūza), انگدان (angudān), انگیان (anguyān)
      • Iranian Persian: آنغوزه (ânğuze), آنقوزه (ânquze)
      • → Arabic: أَنْجُدَان (ʔanjudān), أَنْجُذَان (ʔanjuḏān)
        • → Middle Armenian: անճուտան (ančutan), անճիտան (ančitan)
        • → Old Catalan: alanjoden
        • → Persian: انجدان (anjodân)
      • → Middle Armenian: անգուտան (angutan), անկիտան (ankitan)
    • → Aramaic:
      Jewish Literary Aramaic, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: אגדנא (ʾaggəḏānā), אגדאנא (ʾaggəḏānā)
      Classical Syriac: ܐܓܕܢܐ (ʾaggəḏānā)

References
  1. Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 1b
  2. Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*anga-, *angu-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 166
  3. Tremblay, Xavier (2005) “Irano-Tocharica et Tocharo-Iranica”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies‎, volume 68, number 3, page 438
  4. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “aṅkwaṣ(t)”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 7
  5. Židek, Jan (2014) Tocharian Loanwords in Chinese (PhD dissertation)‎, Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta
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