< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/skambʰás

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ- (“to hold up”). Cognate with Latin scamnum (“stool, bench”).[1]

Noun

*skambʰás m

  1. pillar, support

Declension
masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *skambʰás *skambʰā́ *skambʰā́, -ā́s(as)
vocative *skambʰa *skambʰā́ *skambʰā́, -ā́s(as)
accusative *skambʰám *skambʰā́ *skambʰā́ns
instrumental *skambʰā́ *skambʰáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *skambʰā́yš
ablative *skambʰā́t *skambʰáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *skambʰáybʰyas
dative *skambʰā́y *skambʰáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *skambʰáybʰyas
genitive *skambʰásya *skambʰáyās *skambʰā́na(H)m
locative *skambʰáy *skambʰáyaw *skambʰáyšu

Descendants
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *skambʰás[2]
    • Sanskrit: स्कम्भ (skambhá)
      • Dardic:
        • Kashmiri: [script needed] (khambürü, “hollow left in a heap of grain”)
      • Helu Prakrit:
        • Sinhalese: කප (kapa)
      • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀔𑀁𑀪 (khaṃbha)
        • Bengali: খাম (kham), খাম্বা (khamba)
        • Bihari:
          • Bhojpuri: खम्भा (khambhā)
          • Maithili: खाम्ह (khāmh), खम्हा (khamhā), खाम्ही (khāmhī)
        • Odia: ଖମ୍ବ (khômbô, “post”), ଖମା (khôma, “pit”)
      • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀔𑀁𑀪 (khaṃbha)
      • Pali: khambha
      • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀔𑀁𑀪 (khaṃbha)
        • Gujarati: ખામ (khām), ખંભો (khambho)
        • Hindustani:
          Hindi: खम्भ (khambh), खंभा (khambhā)
          Urdu: کھمبھا (khambhā)
        • Kumaoni: खामो (khāmo)
        • Marwari: खांबडो (khā̃baṛo, “hole”)
        • Nepali: खांबो (khāmbo)
        • Punjabi: ਖੰਭ (khambh), کھنبھا / ਖੰਭਾ (khambhā)
  • Proto-Iranian: *skambáh
    • Central Iranian:
      • Avestan: *𐬯𐬐𐬀𐬨𐬠𐬀 (*skamba)
        • ⇒ Avestan: 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬐𐬀𐬨𐬠𐬆𐬨 (upaskambəm, “securing”)
    • Southeastern Iranian:
      • Pashto: سکام (skām, “tent pole”)
  • Proto-Nuristani: *skambá
    • Northern Nuristani:
      • Prasuni: ūškōb, iškyōp (“bridge”)

References
  1. Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “SKAMBHᴵ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 750-1
  2. Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “skambhá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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