< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/sárȷ́ati

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sérǵ-e-ti ~ *sl̥ǵ-én-ti, from *selǵ- (“to stand”) +‎ *-éti.[1] Cognate with Old English āseolcan (whence English sulk), Middle High German selken (“drizzle”), possibly Hittite 𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣 (ša-al-ak-zi /⁠šalkzi⁠/, “knead, mix”), although the semantic connection is weak.[2] See also Old Armenian զերծանեմ (zercanem).

Verb

*sárȷ́ati

  1. to let go, dismiss, release, cast off

Descendants
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sárȷ́ati ~ *sr̥ȷ́ánti
    • Sanskrit: सृजति (sṛjáti) (leveling)
    • ⇒ Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sárȷ́ana
    • ⇒? Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sárȷ́kas (secondary[3])
    • ⇒? Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sr̥ȷ́kás (secondary[3][4])
      • Sanskrit: सृक (sṛká), सृग (sṛgá, “arrow, spear”)[5]
  • Proto-Iranian: *hr̥játi[1]
    • Avestan: 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (harəzaiti)
      • ⇒ Avestan: 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥𐬀 (harəzana)
        • ⇒ Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀𐬥𐬀 (apaharəzana, “dismissal”)
    • Bactrian: υιρζ (uirz)
    • Central Kurdish: ھێڵان (hêllan, “leave, let, allow”), ھێڵ- (hêll-)
    • Parthian: 𐫍𐫏𐫡𐫉𐫏𐫅 (hyrzyd)
    • Pashto: ايښودل (iẍodë́l, eśodë́l), اښودل (iẍodë́l), ايخودل (ixodë́l), ايښول (iẍawë́l), ايښوول (iśowë́l), اېښل (eẍë́l, iẍë́l, “to place”)
    • Old Persian: [script needed] (*hr̥zati)
      • Middle Persian:[6]
        Manichaean: 𐫍𐫏𐫓𐫏𐫅 (hylyd)
        Pahlavi: [script needed] (ŠḆKWN-tn /⁠hištan⁠/)
    • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *Hawahr̥játi
      • Younger Avestan: 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌 (auuaŋhərəzāmi)
      • Old Persian: 𐎠𐎺𐏃𐎼𐎭 (a-v-h-r-d /⁠avahard-⁠/, “to let go, abandon”)[7]
      • → Old Armenian: ապահարզան (apaharzan, “divorce”)

References
  1. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*harz-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  2. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “šalk-zi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 821
  3. Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001) “SARJ¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 709
  4. Lubotsky, Alexander (1992) “The Indo-Iranian laryngeal accent shift and its relative chronology”, in Rekonstruktion und relative Chronologie. Akten der VIII. Fachtagung der Indogermanischen Gesellschaf‎, volume 31, Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität Innsbruck, page 71
  5. Monier Williams (1899) “Proto-Indo-Iranian/sárȷ́ati”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1245.
  6. MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “hištan”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
  7. Muhammad A. Dandamayev, Mansour Shaki, Sachiko Murata, Akbar Aghajanian, Jenny Rose, Mujan Momen (2011) “DIVORCE”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York
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