< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/krā́mHati

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *k⁽ʷ⁾rḗmH-ti ~ *k⁽ʷ⁾rémH-n̥ti.[1][2][3]

Verb

*krā́mHati[2][3]

  1. to tread, stride, go
    Synonym: *krā́mHti
  2. to thresh

Derived terms
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *aHkrā́mHati ~ *aHkrámati (“to go towards, approach”)
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *aHkrámHati
      • Sanskrit: आक्रमति (ākrámati)
    • Proto-Iranian: *aHkrámHati
      • Middle Persian:
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾhlʾmydyt /⁠āxrāmēd⁠/)

Descendants
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *krā́mHati (“go towards, cross over, walk”)
    • Sanskrit: क्रामति (krā́mati)
      • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀇 (kammaï)
      • Pali: kamati
      • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀤𑀺 (kammadi)
  • Proto-Iranian: *xrā́mHati[1][4]
    • Classical Persian: خرامیدن (“to strut, prance”)
    • Sogdian:
      Buddhist: [script needed] (xrʾm, “to come”, 2sg.pres.)
    • Wakhi: [script needed] (čər(ə)m), [script needed] (čərn-, “to enter, go in”)
  • Proto-Nuristani: *krā́mati (“to thresh”)
    • Northern Nuristani:
      • Kamkata-viri:
        Kamviri: křamë́-
        Kativiri: křamřé-
      • Prasuni: kimë-
    • Southern Nuristani:
      • Ashkun: křā́mie-

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*k(ṷ)RemH-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 368-369
  2. Mayrhofer, Manfred (1973) “kram¹”, in Onomastica Persepolitana: Das Altiranische Namengut der Persepolis-Täfelchen [Onomastica Persepolitana: The Old Iranian Personal Names of the Persepolis Tablets] (in German), Vienna: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, →ISBN, pages 409-410
  3. Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “kramⁱ”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  4. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*xrāmH”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 449
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