< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/kapʰas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Possibly borrowed from the BMAC substrate.[1]

Noun

kápʰas or kapʰás m

  1. mucus, phlegm

Declension
masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *kapʰás *kapʰā́ *kapʰā́, -ā́s(as)
vocative *kapʰa *kapʰā́ *kapʰā́, -ā́s(as)
accusative *kapʰám *kapʰā́ *kapʰā́ns
instrumental *kapʰā́ *kapʰáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *kapʰā́yš
ablative *kapʰā́t *kapʰáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *kapʰáybʰyas
dative *kapʰā́y *kapʰáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *kapʰáybʰyas
genitive *kapʰásya *kapʰáyās *kapʰā́na(H)m
locative *kapʰáy *kapʰáyaw *kapʰáyšu

Descendants
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kapʰas
    • Sanskrit: कफ (kapha) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Iranian: *kafah
    • Avestan: 𐬐𐬀𐬟𐬀 (kafa)

References
  1. Lubotsky, Alexander (1999) “The Indo-Iranian substratum”, in Early Contacts between Uralic and Indo-European: Linguistic and Archaeological Considerations‎, Helsinki
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