< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/grā́mas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)gróm-o-s, from *h₂ger- (“to gather; flock, herd”) +‎ *-os (deverbal suffix). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *gromada (“heap, pile”) (compare Russian грома́да (gromáda, “id”)).[1]

Noun

*(H)grā́mas m

  1. bunch, pile, bundle, collection

Declension
masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *grā́mas *grā́mā *grā́mā, -ās(as)
vocative *grā́ma *grā́mā *grā́mā, -ās(as)
accusative *grā́mam *grā́mā *grā́māns
instrumental *grā́mā *grā́maybʰyaH, -ābʰyām *grā́māyš
ablative *grā́māt *grā́maybʰyaH, -ābʰyām *grā́maybʰyas
dative *grā́māy *grā́maybʰyaH, -ābʰyām *grā́maybʰyas
genitive *grā́masya *grā́mayās *grā́māna(H)m
locative *grā́may *grā́mayaw *grā́mayšu

Descendants
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *grā́mas
  • Proto-Iranian: *grā́mah
    • Ossetian: ӕргъом (ærǧom, “bundle, bunch, burden”)
    • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *grā́makah
      • Parthian:
        Manichaean script: 𐫃𐫡𐫀𐫖𐫃 (grʾmg /⁠grāmag⁠/)
      • Middle Persian: (“property, wealth”)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (glʾmk' /⁠grāmag⁠/)
      • Sogdian: [script needed] (grʾmʾk)
  • Proto-Nuristani: *grā́ma
    • Northern Nuristani:
      • Kamkata-viri:
        Kamviri: gřóm
        Kativiri: gřúm
      • Prasuni: gam, gám
    • Southern Nuristani:
      • Ashkun: gřám
      • Waigali: gram

References
  1. Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 290
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