< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wl̥kʷíh₂s

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *wĺ̥kʷos +‎ *-ih₂s.

Noun

*wl̥kʷíh₂s f[1]

  1. she-wolf

Inflection
Athematic, hysterokinetic
singular
nominative *wl̥kʷíh₂s
genitive *wl̥kʷih₂és
singular dual plural
nominative *wl̥kʷíh₂s *wl̥kʷíh₂h₁(e) *wl̥kʷíh₂es
vocative *wl̥kʷíh₂ *wl̥kʷíh₂h₁(e) *wl̥kʷíh₂es
accusative *wl̥kʷíh₂m̥ *wl̥kʷíh₂h₁(e) *wl̥kʷíh₂m̥s
genitive *wl̥kʷih₂és *? *wl̥kʷih₂óHom
ablative *wl̥kʷih₂és *? *wl̥kʷih₂mós
dative *wl̥kʷih₂éy *? *wl̥kʷih₂mós
locative *wl̥kʷíh₂, *wl̥kʷíh₂i *? *wl̥kʷih₂sú
instrumental *wl̥kʷih₂éh₁ *? *wl̥kʷih₂mís

Alternative reconstructions
  • *wl̥kʷíHs[2]
  • *wl̥kʷíh₁s[3]
  • *wl̥kʷyéh₂s ~ *wl̥kʷih₂és[4]

Descendants
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wilkī́ˀ
    • ⇒? Lithuanian: vìlkė (“she-wolf”), vil̃kė (“she-wolf”)
    • ⇒? Lithuanian: vilkijà (“a pack of wolves”)
    • ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wilkī́ˀkāˀ
  • Proto-Germanic: *wulgī (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wr̥kíHs
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wr̥kíHs

References
  1. Kapović, Mate (2017) “Part 1 Chapter 2: Proto-Indo-European morphology”, in Kapović, Mate, editor, The Indo-European Languages (Routledge Language Family Series), 2nd edition, London, New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 67: “*wl̥kʷ-ih₂-s”
  2. Lundquist, Jesse, Yates, Anthony D. (2017–2018) “Chapter XX: Proto-Indo-European”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The morphology of Proto-Indo-European, page 2095: “*wl̥kʷíhₓs”
  3. Widmer, Paul (2005) “Der altindische vrki-Typus und hethitisch nakki”, in Die Sprache‎, volume 45, numbers 1-2, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz
  4. Meier-Brügger, Michael (2002) Indogermanische Sprachwissenschaft, 8th edition, Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, W. 204, page 291
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