Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/peh₂ǵ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative forms

*peh₂ḱ-

Root

*peh₂ǵ-[1][2]

to attach, fix, fasten

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂ǵ-‎ (15 c, 0 e)

peh₂ǵ-neu-[3]
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: πήγνυμι (pḗgnumi, “I secure, fasten”)
*ph₂ǵ-éh₂ye-ti (iterative or causative verb with *-eh₂yéti)
- Italic:
  - ⇒ Latin: prōpagō
*ph₂-né-ǵ- ~ *ph₂-n̥-ǵ- (nasal-infix present)[4]
- Proto-Italic: *pangō
  - Latin: pangō (“I fasten, fix”) (see there for further descendants)
*ph₂ǵ-tós
- Italic:
  - Latin: pactus
*ph₂ǵ-eh₂
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: πάγη (págē)
*peh₂ǵ-mn̥
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: πῆγμα (pêgma)
- Italic:
  - ⇒ Latin: prōpagmen
*ph₂ǵ-o-[3]
- Proto-Germanic: *faką (“enclosure, section”) (see there for further descendants)
*peh₂ǵ-os[4]
- Proto-Italic: *pāgos
  - Latin: pāgus (“district, region”)
- Balto-Slavic:
  - Proto-Slavic: *pazъ (see there for further descendants)
*péh₂ǵ-s (nomen actionis)
- Hellenic:
  - ⇒? Ancient Greek: ἅπαξ (hápax)
*p(e)h₂ǵ-sleh₂
- Proto-Italic: *pākslā
  - Latin: pāla
*p(e)h₂ǵ-slo-
- Proto-Italic: *pākslos
  - Latin: pālus (“stake, pole”)
*p(e)h₂ǵ-slo-lo-
- Proto-Italic: *pākslolos
  - Latin: paxillus
*peh₂ǵ-sno-
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: πάχνη (pákhnē)
*ph₂ǵ-y(e)h₂-lo-
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: πάσσαλος (pássalos)
    - → Latin: pessulus
*peh₂ǵ-dʰlo-
- Italic:
  - ⇒ Latin: repāgulum
(possibly) *ph₂ǵ-sth₂-[5]
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: հաստ (hast)
- Proto-Germanic: *fastuz (see there for further descendants)
  - → Proto-Slavic: *postъ (“fasting”) (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- Albanian:
  - Proto-Albanian: *en-pāginja[6]
    - Albanian: mpij (“to benumb”)
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: աստեմ (astem, “to look for a bride; ask in marriage”)
- Celtic:
  - Welsh: aelod (“a member”)
- Italic:
  - Latin: pāgina (“page, sheet”)
  - ⇒ Latin: compāgēs, prōpāgēs
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: πάγος (págos, “cliff, peak”), πάσσαλος (pássalos) (perhaps), πηγή (pēgḗ) (perhaps), πηγός (pēgós)

References

De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 787–788
Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*faka-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pangō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*fastu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 138
Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “mpij”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 279

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[1] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 787–788

[Kroonen,_*faka--3] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*faka-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[de_Vaan,_pangō-4] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pangō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[5] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*fastu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 138

[6] Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “mpij”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 279