< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/péth₂r̥

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *peth₂- (“to fly”) +‎ *-r̥ (r/n-stem suffix).

Noun

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*péth₂r̥ n

  1. wing
  2. feather

Inflection
Athematic, proterokinetic
singular collective
nominative *péth₂r̥ *péth₂ōr
genitive *pth₂éns *pth₂nés
singular dual plural collective
nominative *péth₂r̥ — — *péth₂ōr
vocative *péth₂r̥ — — *péth₂ōr
accusative *péth₂r̥ — — *péth₂ōr
genitive *pth₂éns — — *pth₂nés
ablative *pth₂éns — — *pth₂nés
dative *pth₂éney — — *pth₂néy
locative *pth₂én, *pth₂éni — — *pth₂én, *pth₂éni
instrumental *pth₂énh₁ — — *pth₂néh₁

Alternative reconstructions

Derived terms
  • *péth₂n-eh₂
    • Proto-Italic: *petnā[2]
      • Latin: penna (see there for further descendants)
  • *péth₂n-o-s
    • Proto-Celtic: *ɸetnos (see there for further descendants)
  • *péth₂r-eh₂
    • Proto-Germanic: *feþrō (see there for further descendants)
  • *péth₂r-ó-m
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pera
      • >? Proto-Slavic: *pero (“feather”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *pterón (< *pter-ó-m)

Descendants
  • Proto-Anatolian:
    • Hittite: 𒁁𒋻 n (pát-tar /⁠pattar⁠/, “wing”), 𒁁𒁕𒈾𒀸 (pád-da-na-aš /⁠pattanaš⁠/, gen.sg.)[3]
  • Armenian:
    • Old Armenian: թեր (tʻer, “*wing, *feather; *leaf; side”), թերթ (tʻertʻ, “leaf”), թիթեռն (tʻitʻeṙn, “butterfly”) < *pter-
      • Armenian: թեր (tʻer, “leaf”)
    • Old Armenian: թիռ- (tʻiṙ-, “to fly”) < *ptēr-
    • Old Armenian: փետուր (pʻetur, “feather”) (possibly; or a borrowing from other descendants)
  • Proto-Celtic: *ɸatar
    • Proto-Brythonic: *adar
Unsorted formations
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ὑπο-πετρίδιος (hupo-petrídios, “winged”)
    • Ancient Greek: πτέρυξ (ptérux) (possibly)

References
  1. Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 179
  2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “penna”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 458
  3. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “(UZU)pattas / pattan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 761-763

Further reading
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πτερόν”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1248
  • Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 286–294
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