< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/meh₂ḱ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions
  • *meh₂k-

Root

*meh₂ḱ-

  1. to raise, increase
  2. long

Reconstruction notes

The LIV notes that the only satem language evidence for the palatal *ḱ comes from Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬯- (mas-, “great”) and its derivatives. The LIV attributes this word to a dialectal variant of Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬰- (maz-) from *méǵh₂s. This would also help explain the short root vowel found throughout the Avestan forms. If Avestan does not belong here, then *meh₂k- could very well be the correct form.[1]

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *meh₂ḱ-‎ (7 c, 0 e)
  • *mh₂ḱ-eh₁-ye-ti
    • Proto-Italic: *makēō
  • *méh₂ḱ- ~ *m̥h₂ḱ-
    • Proto-Celtic: *maketi
      • Brythonic:
        • Middle Breton: maguaff
          • Breton: maezhur, magañ
        • Cornish: maga
        • Middle Welsh: magu
      • Goidelic:
  • *m(e)h₂ḱ-l-ónt-
    • Anatolian:
      • Hittite: 𒈠𒀝𒆷𒀭𒋫𒀭 (ma-ak-la-an-ta-an, acc.sg.c.)
  • *méh₂ḱ-os ~ *méh₂ḱ-es-[2]
    • Proto-Hellenic: *mā́kos
    • Indo-Iranian:
      • Iranian:
        • Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬯𐬀𐬵 (masah)
  • *méh₂ḱ-isto-
    • Proto-Hellenic: *mā́kistos
      • Ancient Greek: μήκιστος (mḗkistos)
        Doric Greek: μᾱ́κιστος (mā́kistos)
    • Indo-Iranian:
      • Iranian:
        • Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬯𐬌𐬱𐬙𐬀 (masišta)
        • Old Persian: [script needed] (maθišta-)
  • *m̥h₂ḱ-rós[3][4][5]
  • *m̥h₂ḱ-tós[6]
  • *m̥h₂ḱ-wós[7]
  • Unsorted forms:

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*meh₂k-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
  2. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μῆκος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 942
  3. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “macer”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 356-357
  4. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*magra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 347
  5. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μακρός”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 895
  6. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “mactus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 357
  7. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*makʷo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 253-254
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