< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃rḗǵs

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten; to righten”) +‎ *-s (root nominal suffix).

Noun

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2=*h₃réǵ-
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*h₃rḗǵs m[1][2]

  1. king, ruler

Inflection
Athematic, acrostatic
singular
nominative *h₃rḗǵs
genitive *h₃réǵs
singular dual plural
nominative *h₃rḗǵs *h₃réǵh₁(e) *h₃réǵes
vocative *h₃réǵ *h₃réǵh₁(e) *h₃réǵes
accusative *h₃réǵm̥ *h₃réǵh₁(e) *h₃réǵm̥s
genitive *h₃réǵs *? *h₃réǵoHom
ablative *h₃réǵs *? *h₃réǵmos
dative *h₃réǵey *? *h₃réǵmos
locative *h₃réǵ, *h₃réǵi *? *h₃réǵsu
instrumental *h₃réǵh₁ *? *h₃réǵmis

Derived terms
  • *h₃reǵ-ō
    • Proto-Germanic: *rekô (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₃réǵ-os
    • Proto-Germanic: *rekaz (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₃réǵ-i-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hẚȷ́iš
      • Proto-Iranian: *Hrẚȷ́iš
        • Avestan: 𐬭𐬀𐬘𐬌 (raji)
  • *h₃rḗǵ-o-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrā́ȷ́as
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hrā́ȷ́as
        • Sanskrit: *राज (rāja)
          • ⇒ Sanskrit: यमराज (yamarāja) (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₃rḗǵ-ō
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hrā́ȷ́ā
      • Sanskrit: राजन् (rā́ȷ́an) (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₃rḗǵ-r̥ ~ *h₃rēǵ-én-s
    • *Hrā́ȷ́r̥
      • Proto-Iranian: *Hrā́jr̥
        • Avestan: 𐬭𐬁𐬰𐬀𐬭 (rāzar, “rule, direction”)
  • *h₃rḗǵ-yom
    • Proto-Celtic: *rīgyom (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₃rḗǵ-yo-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrā́ȷ́yas
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hrā́ȷ́yas

Descendants
  • Proto-Celtic: *rīxs (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hrā́ćš (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Italic: *rēks (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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