< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃neyd-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative forms
  • *(h₃)neyd-[1]

Root

*h₃neyd-[2][3]

  1. to revile, insult

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃neyd-‎ (2 c, 0 e)
  • *h₃ni-né-d-ti ~ h₃ni-n-d-én-ti (nasal infix present)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hníndati
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hníndati
  • *h₃néyd-s-t (s-aorist)
    • Proto-Armenian:
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HáHnaytˢt
      • Proto-Iranian: *HáHnayst
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬯𐬙 (nāist)[5]
  • *h₃noyd-éye-ti (iterative)
    • Proto-Germanic: *naitijaną (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₃nid-éh₁ye-ti ~ *h₃nid-éh₁ye-nti (stative)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:[6]
      • Lithuanian: níedėti
      • Latvian: nîdêt
  • *h₃néyd-os

References
  1. Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*(hx)neid-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 313
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₃nei̯d-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 303
  3. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “neid-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag
  4. Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “níndati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
  5. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*Hnaid”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 182
  6. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ὄνειδος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1082
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