< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂erk-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₂erk- (imperfective)[1][2]

  1. to protect, guard, hold, lock

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂erk-‎ (13 c, 0 e)
  • *h₂érk-ti ~ *h₂r̥k-énti (root present)[3]
    • Anatolian:
      • Hittite: 𒄯𒍝 (ḫar-za /⁠ḫarza⁠/), 𒄯𒍣 (ḫar-zi /⁠ḫarzi⁠/)
  • *h₂orké-ye-ti (causative)[4]
    • Proto-Italic: *arkeō
      • Latin: arceō
      • Oscan: 𐌕𐌓𐌝𐌁𐌀𐌓𐌀𐌊𐌀𐌅𐌞𐌌 (tríbarakavúm, inf.), 𐌕𐌓𐌝𐌁𐌀𐌓𐌀𐌊𐌀𐌕𐌕𐌝𐌍𐌔 (tríbarakattíns, 3pl.perf.subj.), 𐌕𐌓𐌝𐌁𐌀𐌓𐌀𐌊𐌀𐌕𐌕𐌖𐌔𐌄𐌕 (tríbarakattuset, “build”, 3pl.fut.perf.) (< *trēb-ark-ā-, denominative of 𐌕𐌓𐌝𐌁𐌀𐌓𐌀𐌊𐌊𐌋𐌖𐌚 (tríbarakkluf, “building”, nom.sg.) < *trēb-ark-iōn-s)
  • *h₂poh₂orké-ye-ti (causative)[5]
    • Proto-Germanic: *fargijaną
      • Faroese: fergja
      • Icelandic: fergja
      • Norwegian Nynorsk: fergja
    • Proto-Italic: *porkeō
  • *h₂poh₂érketi
    • Proto-Italic: *parkō
  • *h₂orkos
    • Proto-Italic: *orkos
  • *h₂érk-os ~ *h₂érk-es-
    • Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: ἄρκος (árkos)
  • *h₂erk-es-eh₂
    • Proto-Italic: *arkezā
  • *h₂erk-s
    • Proto-Italic: *arks
  • *h₂erk-eh₂
  • Unsorted formations:

See also

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “areq-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 65-66
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂erk-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 273
  3. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “ḫar(k)-zi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 355-357
  4. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “arceō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 51
  5. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*fargjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 128-129
  6. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “argel”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 133-134
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