< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/Heh₃l-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*Heh₃l-[1]

  1. to bow, to bend; elbow

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Heh₃l-‎ (17 c, 0 e)
  • *Heh₃l-én-eh₂
    • >? Proto-Albanian: *alanā, *ulnā
      • ⇒ Proto-Albanian: *bōrei ulnā
      • ⇒ Proto-Albanian: *ulnā bōra
      • Albanian: llanë, llërë
    • Proto-Celtic: *olīnā (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Germanic: *alinō, *alīnō (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *ōlenā
      • Ancient Greek: ὠλένη (ōlénē), ὠλήν (ōlḗn), ὠλλόν (ōllón)
    • Proto-Italic: *olenā
      • Latin: ulna (see there for further descendants)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Armenian:
      • Old Armenian: ողն (ołn)
        • Armenian: ող (oġ)
      • Old Armenian: ուլն (uln)
      • Old Armenian: ուղուկ (ułuk)
      • Old Armenian: ամոլ (amol) (possibly)
        • Armenian: ամոլ (amol), ամոլ (amol); յ̵ամոլ (ɦamol); համօլ (hamōl); ամուլ (amul); ա՛մբօլ (ámbōl); ա՛մբուլ (ámbul)
      • Old Armenian: իլ (il) (possibly)
      • Old Armenian: ալի (ali) (possibly)
      • Old Armenian: աղեղն (ałełn) (possibly)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *alk-, *elk-
      • Latvian: olekts, elkonis
      • Lithuanian: úolektis, alkū́nė, elkū́nė
      • Old Prussian: arašnīs, woaltis, woltis, alkunis
      • Proto-Slavic: *olkъ
        • Proto-Slavic: *olkъtь (“elbow”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Celtic: *olēnā
      • Proto-Brythonic:
        • Welsh: olwyn (“wheel”)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Haratníš (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Tocharian: *āläi

Further reading

References
  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “ulna”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 638
  2. Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “alyiye”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 29
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