< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵénh₁tis

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *ǵenh₁- (“to produce, to beget, to give birth”) +‎ *-tis (abstract or action suffix).

Alternative reconstructions
  • *gń̥h₁tis[1]

Noun

*ǵénh₁tis f

  1. birth, production

Inflection
Athematic, proterokinetic
singular
nominative *ǵénh₁tis
genitive *ǵn̥h₁téys
singular dual plural
nominative *ǵénh₁tis *ǵénh₁tih₁(e) *ǵénh₁teyes
vocative *ǵénh₁ti *ǵénh₁tih₁(e) *ǵénh₁teyes
accusative *ǵénh₁tim *ǵénh₁tih₁(e) *ǵénh₁tims
genitive *ǵn̥h₁téys *? *ǵn̥h₁téyoHom
ablative *ǵn̥h₁téys *? *ǵn̥h₁tímos
dative *ǵn̥h₁téyey *? *ǵn̥h₁tímos
locative *ǵn̥h₁téy, *ǵn̥h₁tḗy *? *ǵn̥h₁tísu
instrumental *ǵn̥h₁tíh₁ *? *ǵn̥h₁tímis

Derived terms
  • *ǵn̥h₁-ti-Hō
    • Proto-Italic: *gnātiō

Descendants
  • Proto-Albanian: *dzenti
    • Albanian: dhênd
  • >? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źénˀtis, *źénˀtas (or from (or conflated with) *ǵemH-) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *kinþiz, *kundiz (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *génetis (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́áHtiš
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́aHtíṣ
      • Sanskrit: जाति (jātí) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Iranian: *ȷ́áHtiš
      • Avestan: 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (jaiti, “family; birth”)
  • Proto-Italic: *gentis
    • Latin: gēns (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004, 2010) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, Oxford: Blackwell, page 229
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