< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wirtiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms
  • *wertaz ~ *wirtiziz[1]
  • *wertiz[2]

Etymology

Possibly related to *wurt-, the oblique stem of *wrōts (“root”), despite uncertain development of the root vowel. May reflect a back-formed full-grade *werd- from pre-Germanic *wr̥d-, or less likely may reflect an old PIE full-grade *wer(h₂)d- without parallels. Note a similar problem with the Ancient Greek cognate ῥίζα (rhíza).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈwir.tiz/

Noun

*wirtiz m

  1. beerwort
  2. herb; spice

Inflection
i-stemDeclension of *wirtiz (i-stem)
singular plural
nominative *wirtiz *wirtīz
vocative *wirti *wirtīz
accusative *wirtį *wirtinz
genitive *wirtīz *wirtijǫ̂
dative *wirtī *wirtimaz
instrumental *wirtī *wirtimiz

Descendants
  • Old Saxon: wirt
  • Old Dutch: *wirt
  • Old High German: wirz
    • Middle High German: wirz
  • Old Norse: virtr
    • Icelandic: virtur, virt
    • Faroese: virtur
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: vørter, vyrter; (dialectal) vyrt, vørt, vurt, vytter
    • Norwegian Bokmål: vørter
    • Swedish: vört
    • Scanian: vert
  • → Proto-Finnic: *verdek (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Würze²”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 801: “g. *wertez- (oder -i-) n. ‘Bierwürze, Metwürze’”
  2. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*wertiz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 457
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