Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wiþrą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wi-tero-s, from *wi (“apart”) +‎ *-teros.[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /wiθ.rɑ̃/

Preposition

*wiþrą

toward, against [+accusative]

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *wiþr
- Old English: wiþer
  - Middle English: wither
    - English: wither
    - Scots: wither, quither
- Old Frisian: wither
  - Saterland Frisian: wieder, wier
  - West Frisian: wider, weer
- Old Saxon: withar
  - Middle Low German: weder, wedder
    - Low German: wedder
- Old Dutch: wither
  - Middle Dutch: wēder, wēer
    - Dutch: weder, weer
- Old High German: widar
  - Middle High German: wider
    - German: wider, wieder
    - Hunsrik: witter
Old Norse: við
- Icelandic: við
- Faroese: við
- Norwegian: ved
- Elfdalian: wið
- Old Swedish: vīþ, viþer
  - Swedish: vid, veder-
- Danish: ved
- Old Gutnish: wiþr, wiþ
Gothic: 𐍅𐌹𐌸𐍂𐌰 (wiþra)

References

Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*wiþra(n)”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 464

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[1] Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*wiþra(n)”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 464