Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/nadrǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*nēdrǭ

Etymology

From *nadraz +‎ *-ǭ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈnɑð.rɔ̃ː/

Noun

*nadrǭ f

adder
Synonym: *nadraz
snake in general
Synonyms: *agiz, *linþaz, *nadraz, *slangô, *wurmiz

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *nadrǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*nadrǭ	*nadrōniz
vocative	*nadrǭ	*nadrōniz
accusative	*nadrōnų	*nadrōnunz
genitive	*nadrōniz	*nadrōnǫ̂
dative	*nadrōni	*nadrōmaz
instrumental	*nadrōnē	*nadrōmiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *nadrā
- Old English: nǣdre, nǣddre
  - Middle English: naddere, addere
    - Scots: edder
    - English: adder; nedder (dialectal)
- Old Frisian: *nēdre
  - Saterland Frisian: Neder
  - West Frisian: njirre
- Old Saxon: nādra, nādara
  - Middle Low German: nâder, nader, nadder
    - Low German: Adder
      - German Low German: Adder
        → Saterland Frisian: Adder
- Old Dutch: *nadra
  - Middle Dutch: nadre, nadder, adre, adder
    - Dutch: adder
      - Afrikaans: adder
    - Limburgish: adder
- Old High German: nātara, otter
  - Middle High German: nātere, nāter, otter
    - German: Natter, Otter
    - Luxembourgish: Adder
Old Norse: naðra
- Icelandic: naðra

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