< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/maþlą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms
  • *mahlą

Etymology

From a zero-grade stem of *mōtaną (“to be permitted to, to be allowed”). In the case of *maþlą, the root-final Proto-Indo-European *d of their common root was regularly lost before the instrumental *-þlą ( < *-tlom) suffix; compare the development of Proto-West Germanic *seþl from *séd-tlom.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈmɑθ.lɑ̃/

Noun

*maþlą n

  1. gathering
  2. speech
  3. legal case
  4. agreement

Inflection
neuter a-stemDeclension of *maþlą (neuter a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *maþlą *maþlō
vocative *maþlą *maþlō
accusative *maþlą *maþlō
genitive *maþlas, *maþlis *maþlǫ̂
dative *maþlai *maþlamaz
instrumental *maþlō *maþlamiz

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *maþl
    • Old English: mæþel
    • Old Frisian: mēl (in derivatives)
    • Old Saxon: mahal
      • Middle Low German: mal
    • Frankish:
      • → Late Latin: mallum
    • Old High German: mahal, māl
      • Middle High German: mahel, māl
        • German: Mahl (obsolete)
  • Old Norse: mál
  • Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌻 (maþl)

Further reading
  • Guus Kroonen, “Reflections on the o/zero-Ablaut in the Germanic Iterative Verbs”, in The Indo-European Verb: Proceedings of the Conference of the Society for Indo-European Studies, Los Angeles, 13-15 September 2010, Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, 2012
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