Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kaliz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Along with *kalaną (“to freeze”), from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”).

Noun

*kaliz m

cold, coldness

Inflection

i-stemDeclension of *kaliz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*kaliz	*kalīz
vocative	*kali	*kalīz
accusative	*kalį	*kalinz
genitive	*kalīz	*kaljǫ̂
dative	*kalī	*kalimaz
instrumental	*kalī	*kalimiz

Related terms

*kaldaz
*kaldį̄
*kōlaz
*kōliz
*kōlijaz
*kōluz

Descendants

Old English: ċiele, ċile, ċyle; ċæle, ċele, ċhele
- Middle English: chele, chile
  - English: chill (see there for further descendants)
  - Scots: chill
Middle Dutch: kille
- Dutch: kil
Old Norse: *kylr
- Icelandic: kylur

References

Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.

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