Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frawjǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

A feminine form of *frawjô (“lord”), from Proto-Indo-European *proHwo-, a derivation from *per- (“to go forward”). The Indo-European root is also the source of Proto-Slavic *pravъ (whence Old Church Slavonic правъ (pravŭ), Russian пра́вый (právyj, “right”)).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸrɑw.jɔ̃ː/

Noun

*frawjǭ f

lady, wife of a lord (woman of high standing)

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *frawjǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*frawjǭ	*frawjōniz
vocative	*frawjǭ	*frawjōniz
accusative	*frawjōnų	*frawjōnunz
genitive	*frawjōniz	*frawjōnǫ̂
dative	*frawjōni	*frawjōmaz
instrumental	*frawjōnē	*frawjōmiz

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *frauwjā
- Old English: frōwe
- >? Old English: frēo
- Old Frisian: frowe, frouwe
  - West Frisian: frou
- Old Saxon: frūa
  - Middle Low German: vrûwe, vrouwe
    - German Low German: Froo
    - Plautdietsch: Fru, Frü
    - → Finnish: rouva
  - → Old Norse: frú, frúa, frúva
    - Icelandic: frú
    - Faroese: frúgv, frú
    - Norwegian: fru, frue
    - Swedish: fru, fruga
    - Danish: frue, fru
- Old Dutch: frouwa
  - Middle Dutch: vrouwe
    - Dutch: vrouwe (“lady”), vrouw (“woman”)
      - Afrikaans: vrou
        → English: vrou
      - Negerhollands: vro, vrou, frou, fru, vrow
        → Virgin Islands Creole: fru (dated)
      - → Aukan: folow
      - → English: vrouw
      - → Sranan Tongo: frow
    - Limburgish: vrów
    - West Flemish: vrouwe
    - Zealandic: vrouwe
    - → English: frow
- Old High German: frouwa
  - Middle High German: vrouwe, vrowe
    - Alemannic German: Frau
      Alsatian: Fràui, Fràù, Frài, Froi, Fròi, Fraù, Frœy, Fráw, Frá
      Walser: frou
    - Bavarian: Frau
      Cimbrian: brau
    - Central Franconian:
      Hunsrik: Fraa
    - East Central German:
      Silesian East Central German: Froo
    - German: Frau, Fr.; Fraue; Fraw, Frawe
      - Unserdeutsch: Frau
      - → English: frau
      - → Russian: фра́у (fráu)
    - Luxembourgish: Fra
    - Rhine Franconian: Fra
      Pennsylvania German: Fraa
      Palatine German: Fraa
    - Vilamovian: fraoj
    - Yiddish: פֿרוי (froy)
Old Norse: freyja
- Icelandic: freyja
- Old Swedish: -prea

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