Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/eburaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*efuraz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-r-. Indo-European cognates include Latin aper, Proto-Slavic *veprь.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈe.βu.rɑz/

Noun

*eburaz m

boar

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *eburaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*eburaz	eburōz, eburōs
vocative	*ebur	eburōz, eburōs
accusative	*eburą	*eburanz
genitive	eburas, eburis	*eburǫ̂
dative	*eburai	*eburamaz
instrumental	*eburō	*eburamiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *ebur
- Old English: eofor, efor
  - Middle English: ēver
- Old Saxon: ebur
- Old Dutch: *evur
  - Middle Dutch: ēver
    - Dutch: ever
- Old High German: ebur
  - Middle High German: ëber
    - German: Eber
    - Hunsrik: Ewert
Old Norse: jǫfurr
- Icelandic: jöfur
- → Swedish: jofur

References

Peter Schrijver, Language Contact and the Origins of the Germanic Languages (2013, →ISBN
*eburaz 'boar'
Albertas Steponavičius, Diachronic Linguistics and Etymology (2006), page 111:
Etymologies of the names for 'wild boar'

The cognates of individual Germanic languages point unambiguously to a common Germanic name for 'boar'. Gmc *efuraz 'boar': OE eofar 'boar', OHG ebur, ModG Eber, ON jǫfurr 'prince, ruler', Icel. jöfur 'nobleman, ruler' ('the one who decorates his helm with the image of the boat^[sic] as a sign of nobility and power').

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