Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dimmaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*dimzaz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰemH- (“to whisk, smoke, blow; dust, haze, cloud; obscure”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈdim.mɑz/

Adjective

*dimmaz

dim
gloomy

Inflection

Declension of *dimmaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*dimmaz	*dimmai	*dimmō	*dimmôz	*dimmą, -atō	*dimmō
Accusative	*dimmanǭ	*dimmanz	*dimmǭ	*dimmōz	*dimmą, -atō	*dimmō
Genitive	*dimmas, -is	*dimmaizǫ̂	*dimmaizōz	*dimmaizǫ̂	*dimmas, -is	*dimmaizǫ̂
Dative	*dimmammai	*dimmaimaz	*dimmaizōi	*dimmaimaz	*dimmammai	*dimmaimaz
Instrumental	*dimmanō	*dimmaimiz	*dimmaizō	*dimmaimiz	*dimmanō	*dimmaimiz

Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*dimmô	*dimmaniz	*dimmǭ	*dimmōniz	*dimmô	*dimmōnō
Accusative	*dimmanų	*dimmanunz	*dimmōnų	*dimmōnunz	*dimmô	*dimmōnō
Genitive	*dimminiz	*dimmanǫ̂	*dimmōniz	*dimmōnǫ̂	*dimminiz	*dimmanǫ̂
Dative	*dimmini	*dimmammaz	*dimmōni	*dimmōmaz	*dimmini	*dimmammaz
Instrumental	*dimminē	*dimmammiz	*dimmōnē	*dimmōmiz	*dimminē	*dimmammiz

Related terms

*dimmōną
*dimmijaną
*dimraz/*dimbraz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *dimm, *dimr
- Old English: dimm, dim
  - Middle English: dim
    - Scots: dim
    - English: dim
      - → Dutch: dim
- Old Frisian: dimm, dim
- Old Saxon: *dimm, thimm, thim
- Old High German: timbar (< *dimr < *dimzaz)
  - Middle High German: timber
    - Bavarian: dumper
    - German: dimper
Old Norse: dimmr
- Icelandic: dimmur
- Faroese: dimmur
- Norwegian: dimm, dim
- Danish: dim
- Old Swedish: dimber

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