< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/berhtaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *bʰer(H)ǵtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵ- (“to shine”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *berxtos.[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈberx.tɑz/

Adjective

*berhtaz

  1. bright, shining

Inflection
Declension of *berhtaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
Nominative *berhtaz *berhtai *berhtō *berhtôz *berhtą, -atō *berhtō
Accusative *berhtanǭ *berhtanz *berhtǭ *berhtōz *berhtą, -atō *berhtō
Genitive *berhtas, -is *berhtaizǫ̂ *berhtaizōz *berhtaizǫ̂ *berhtas, -is *berhtaizǫ̂
Dative *berhtammai *berhtaimaz *berhtaizōi *berhtaimaz *berhtammai *berhtaimaz
Instrumental *berhtanō *berhtaimiz *berhtaizō *berhtaimiz *berhtanō *berhtaimiz
Weak declension
Case Masculine Feminine Neuter
Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural
Nominative *berhtô *berhtaniz *berhtǭ *berhtōniz *berhtô *berhtōnō
Accusative *berhtanų *berhtanunz *berhtōnų *berhtōnunz *berhtô *berhtōnō
Genitive *berhtiniz *berhtanǫ̂ *berhtōniz *berhtōnǫ̂ *berhtiniz *berhtanǫ̂
Dative *berhtini *berhtammaz *berhtōni *berhtōmaz *berhtini *berhtammaz
Instrumental *berhtinē *berhtammiz *berhtōnē *berhtōmiz *berhtinē *berhtammiz


Derived terms

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *berht
    • Old English: beorht, berht; bryht, byrht
      • Middle English: briht, briȝt, bright
    • Old Saxon: berht, beraht
      • ⇒ Middle Low German: brecht m (“shine, brightness, glory”, noun)
    • Old Dutch: *berht
      • Middle Dutch: Brecht, Brechta, Bert Berte (in personal names)
      • ⇒ Middle Dutch: onbrecht, ombrecht (“unclear”)
      • ⇒ Old Dutch: filoberht (“very bright”)
    • Old High German: beraht, peraht
      • Middle High German: bërht
      • ⇒ Old High German: giberaht
        • Middle High German: gebërht
  • Old Norse: bjartr
  • Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃 (bairhts)

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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