< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bedō
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Disputed: most likely from either Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰedʰ- (“to ask for, beseech”) or *bʰedʰ- (“to bend, bow”), the former depending on the outcome of Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰ in Germanic, which otherwise was *w; see *banô and *berô for other proposed examples of *gʷʰ- > *b-. Kroonen, though doubtful of this sound change, admits *gʷʰedʰ- is a better semantic match. For *bʰedʰ-, compare however Sanskrit ज्ञुबाध (jñu-bā́dha, “bending the knee, kneeling (in reverence)”), which would then have parallels in Old English cnēow-ġebed and Old Saxon kneo-beda (“prayer (on one's knees)”), all literally “knee-bend”.[1][2][3]
In any case, the Germanic nouns probably point to a lost strong verb *bedaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈbe.ðɔː/
Inflection
| ō-stemDeclension of *bedō (ō-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | *bedō | *bedôz | |
| vocative | *bedō | *bedôz | |
| accusative | *bedǭ | *bedōz | |
| genitive | *bedōz | *bedǫ̂ | |
| dative | *bedōi | *bedōmaz | |
| instrumental | *bedō | *bedōmiz | |
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*bedjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 57
- Calin, Didier (2017) “knee”, in Dictionary of Indo-European Poetic and Religious Themes (Linguistique; 3), Les Cent Chemins, →ISBN, page 134: “to bow/bend the knees (to pray)”
- Schmitt, Rüdiger (1967) Dichtung und Dichtersprache in indogermanischer Zeit [Poetry and Poetic Language in Indo-European Times] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →OCLC, § 405, page 199
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*ƀiđō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 45
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