< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sëpra

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Likely borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian sēbrs (“friend”), Lithuanian sėbras (“companion”)).

Noun

*sëpra[1]

  1. friend
  2. friendship, companionship

Inflection
Inflection of *sëpra
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *sëpra *sëprat
accusative *sëpran *sëprat
genitive *sëpran *sëpradën
*sëproidën
partitive *sëprada *sëproida
inessive *sëprassa
*sëprahna		 *sëproissa
*sëproihna
elative *sëprasta *sëproista
illative *sëprahën *sëproihën
adessive *sëpralla *sëproilla
ablative *sëpralta *sëproilta
allative *sëpralën
*sëpralëk		 *sëproilën
*sëproilëk
essive *sëprana *sëproina
translative *sëpraksi *sëproiksi
instructive *sëpran *sëproin
comitative *sëpranëk *sëproinëk
abessive *sëpratta *sëproitta

Descendants
  • Estonian: sõber
    • → Livonian: sõbrā
  • Finnish: seura
  • Ingrian: sebra
  • Karelian:
    • North Karelian: sepra
    • South Karelian: sebra
  • Livonian: (archaic) sü'br
  • Livvi: siebru
  • Ludian: siebr
  • Veps: sebr
  • Võro: sõpr, sõbõr
  • Votic: sõbrõ
  • → Proto-Samic: *seaprē
    • Western Samic:
      • Ume Sami: seäbrrie
      • Lule Sami: siebrre
      • Northern Sami: searvi
    • Eastern Samic:

References
  1. Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*sëpra”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto‎ (in Finnish)

Further reading
  • “sõber”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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