< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/lakci
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From earlier *lakti (compare Proto-Samic *luoktë), borrowed from Proto-Baltic *lankti- (compare e.g. Lithuanian lanktis (“arc”), Lithuanian lanka (“valley, meadow”); Latvian līcis (“bay”)).
Inflection
Inflection of *lakci
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *lakci | *laktët | |
| accusative | *laktën | *laktët | |
| genitive | *laktën | *laktën *lakcidën | |
| partitive | *lakta | *lakcida | |
| inessive | *laktëssa *laktëhna |
*lakcissa *lakcihna | |
| elative | *laktësta | *lakcista | |
| illative | *laktëhën | *lakcihën | |
| adessive | *laktëlla | *lakcilla | |
| ablative | *laktëlta | *lakcilta | |
| allative | *laktëlën *laktëlëk |
*lakcilën *lakcilëk | |
| essive | *laktëna | *lakcina | |
| translative | *laktëksi | *lakciksi | |
| instructive | *laktën | *lakcin | |
| comitative | *laktënëk | *lakcinëk | |
| abessive | *laktëtta | *lakcitta | |
Descendants
Most descendants have -ht- in the nominative form, but this must be analogical, due to the word being mostly used in inflected forms. Swedish lax, common in placenames in Finland, preserves the Old Finnish form.
- Estonian: laht
- → Võro: laht'
- Finnish: lahti, (dialectal) laksi
- → Swedish: -lax (in toponyms)
- Ingrian: lahti, (obsolete) laksi
- Karelian:
- Livvi: lahti
- Ludian: laht
- Veps: laht
- Votic: lahti
- → Russian: лахта (laxta) (dialectal, Northern Russia)
- → Russian: -лохта (-loxta) (in toponyms in Northern Russia, particularly in Belozersk area and along rivers Mezen and Pinega)
- → Russian: -лахта (-laxta) (in toponyms in Northern Russia)
References
- Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*lakci”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto (in Finnish)
References
- “laht”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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