< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kirves

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian cirvis, Lithuanian kirvis).

Noun

*kirves[1]

  1. axe

Inflection
Inflection of *kirves
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *kirves *kirvehet
accusative *kirvehen *kirvehet
genitive *kirvehen *kirvesten
*kirvehiden
partitive *kirvestä *kirvehitä
inessive *kirvehessä
*kirvehehnä		 *kirvehissä
*kirvehihnä
elative *kirvehestä *kirvehistä
illative *kirvehesen *kirvehisen
adessive *kirvehellä *kirvehillä
ablative *kirveheltä *kirvehiltä
allative *kirvehelen
*kirvehelek		 *kirvehilen
*kirvehilek
essive *kirvessä *kirvehinä
translative *kirveheksi *kirvehiksi
instructive *kirvehen *kirvehin
comitative *kirvessek *kirvehinek
abessive *kirvehettä *kirvehittä

Descendants
  • Estonian: kirves
  • Finnish: kirves
  • Ingrian: kerves, kirves
  • Karelian:
    • North Karelian: kirveš
    • South Karelian: kirves
  • Livonian: kīraz
  • Livvi: kirves
  • Ludian: kirvez
  • Veps: kirvez
  • Võro: kirvõs
  • Votic: tširvez

References
  1. Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*kirves”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto‎ (in Finnish)

Further reading
  • “kirves”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
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