< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kaski

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Proposed to derive from a derivative of the Indo-European root *h₂eHs- (“to burn”) similar to Proto-Germanic *askǭ (“ashes”).

The Estonian and Votic reflexes show a shift to a meaning 'birch', for which a likely intermediate is reflected in a dialectal Finnish meaning (Southwestern and Far Northern) 'young birch, birch shoots'. These have been earlier compared with the Permic words for 'birch' (Komi кыдз (kydź), Udmurt кызьпу (kyźpu), from Proto-Uralic *kuće), but this has several phonetic difficulties.

Has also been compared to Armenian կեչի (kečʻi, “birch”).[1]

Noun

*kaski

  1. swidden, slash-and-burned land
  2. copse, especially raised for burning

Inflection
Inflection of *kaski
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *kaski *kaskët
accusative *kaskën *kaskët
genitive *kaskën *kaskëdën
*kaskidën
partitive *kaskëda *kaskida
inessive *kaskëssa
*kaskëhna		 *kaskissa
*kaskihna
elative *kaskësta *kaskista
illative *kaskëhën *kaskihën
adessive *kaskëlla *kaskilla
ablative *kaskëlta *kaskilta
allative *kaskëlën
*kaskëlëk		 *kaskilën
*kaskilëk
essive *kaskëna *kaskina
translative *kaskëksi *kaskiksi
instructive *kaskën *kaskin
comitative *kaskënëk *kaskinëk
abessive *kaskëtta *kaskitta

Descendants
  • Estonian: kask (“birch”)
  • Finnish: kaski
  • Ingrian: kaski
  • Karelian: kaški
  • Ludian kašk
  • Veps: kask
  • Votic: kahtši (“birch”)

References
  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
  1. J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 296
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