< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kackëra

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *kačka- (“to bite”) +‎ *-ra.

Adjective

*kackëra

  1. bitter
    Synonym: *karkëda, *karvas

Inflection
Inflection of *kackëra
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *kackëra *kackërat
accusative *kackëran *kackërat
genitive *kackëran *kackëradën
*kackëroidën
partitive *kackërata *kackëroita
inessive *kackërassa
*kackërahna		 *kackëroissa
*kackëroihna
elative *kackërasta *kackëroista
illative *kackërasën *kackëroisën
adessive *kackëralla *kackëroilla
ablative *kackëralta *kackëroilta
allative *kackëralën
*kackëralëk		 *kackëroilën
*kackëroilëk
essive *kackërana *kackëroina
translative *kackëraksi *kackëroiksi
instructive *kackëran *kackëroin
comitative *kackëranëk *kackëroinëk
abessive *kackëratta *kackëroitta

Descendants
  • Finnish: katkera
  • Ingrian: katkera
  • Karelian: katkera, kačkera
  • Livvi: kačker

Further reading
  • Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “katkera”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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