< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/käüdäk
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From earlier *käwe-, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *skēwijaną (“to go, walk”).[1][2]
The alternative theory that the word is cognate with Eastern Mari [script needed] (kaje-), [script needed] (keje-, “to go (away)”), from Proto-Uralic *käwe-,,[3] and more distantly with Proto-Yukaghir *kewe (“to go”)[4] has to be rejected: the vowel correspondences are irregular,[5] and the Mari word is likely rather a Turkic borrowing (from Chuvash кай (kaj), from Proto-Turkic *kē(y)t-).
Inflection
Inflection of *käüdäk
Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
present | past | imperative | optative | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1st sing. | *käün | *kävin | — | *käügon |
2nd sing. | *käüt | *kävit | *käük | *käügos |
3rd sing. | *käüpi *käü |
*kävi | *käükähen | *käükohen |
1st plur. | *käükmek *käükmäk |
*kävimek *kävimäk |
*käükädemek *käükädämäk |
*käükodemek *käükodämäk |
2nd plur. | *käüktek *käüktäk |
*kävidek *kävidäk |
*käükäde *käükädä |
*käügot'ek *käükodädäk |
3rd plur. | *käübät *käü |
*kävi | *käükähen | *käükohen |
passive | *käüksen *käüt'äksen |
*käütihen *käüttihen |
*käütägäsen *käüttägäsen |
*käütägosen *käüttägosen |
connegative | *käük | — | *käügäk | *käügok |
passive connegative | *käüktäk | — | *käütägäk *käüttägäk |
*käütägok *käüttägok |
conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
1st sing. | *käükcin | *kävicin | *käünen | |
2nd sing. | *käükcit | *kävicit | *käünet | |
3rd sing. | *käükci | *kävici | *käüni | |
1st plur. | *käükcimek *käükcimäk |
*kävicimek *kävicimäk |
*käünemek *käünemäk | |
2nd plur. | *käükcidek *käükcidäk |
*kävicidek *kävicidäk |
*käünedek *käünedäk | |
3rd plur. | *käükci | *kävici | *käüni | |
passive | *käüdäkcisen *käüt'äkcisen |
*käüticisen *käütticisen |
*käütänesen *käüttänesen | |
connegative | *käükcik | *kävicik | *käünek | |
passive connegative | *käüdäkcik *käüt'äkcik |
*käüticik *käütticik |
*käütänek *käüttänek | |
non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
active | passive | |||
infinitive 1 | *käüdäk | present | *käüpä | *käütäbä *käüttäbä |
infinitive 2 | *käüte- | past | *käünüt | *käütü *käüttü |
gerund/supine | *käümä | |||
action noun | *käüminen |
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- Sammallahti, Pekka (1998) The Saami Languages: An Introduction, Karasjok: Davvi Girji, →ISBN, page 244
- Kylstra, A.D.; Hahmo, Sirkka-Liisa; Hofstra, Tette; Nikkilä, Otto. 1991–2012. Lexikon der älteren germanischen Lehnwörter in den ostseefinnischen Sprachen. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
- Rédei, Károly (1986–88) “käwe-”, in Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, page 654
- Hyllested, Adam (2008) “Internal Reconstruction vs. External Comparison: The Case of the Indo-Uralic Laryngeals”, in Jens Elmegård Rasmussen & Thomas Olander, editors, Internal Reconstruction in Indo-European: Methods, Results, and Problems : Section Papers from the XVI International Conference on Historical Linguistics, University of Copenhagen, 11th–15th August, 2003, Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 131 of 111–136: “Fenno-Volgaic *käwe ‘go’”
- Aikio, Ante. The Uralic-Yukaghir lexical correspondences: genetic inheritance, language contact or chance resemblance? (2014). Finnisch-Ugrische Forschungen, volume 14.
- Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*käü-”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto (in Finnish)
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