< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic

Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-nut

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

The final *-Ut may be the same as the adjectival suffix *-ut, and possibly also be shared with *-ttu, especially if it was originally *-t'ut as more recent evidence would suggest. If so, the suffix is *-n(V)-ut. The origin of the initial part is not known, but it is not impossible that it is simply, or is related to, the suffix *-na, either in the locative or diminutive sense, or to the genitive ending *-n (the Uralic genitive ending may have had multiple uses as an adjectival and adverbial suffix[1]).

Suffix

*-nut / *-nyt

  1. (having) -ed; forms the past (active) participle, which is used as an adjective.

Inflection
Inflection of *-nut
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *-nut *-nudët
accusative *-nudën *-nudët
genitive *-nudën *-nut'ën
*-nucidën
partitive *-nutta *-nucida
inessive *-nudëssa
*-nudëhna		 *-nucissa
*-nucihna
elative *-nudësta *-nucista
illative *-nutëhën *-nucihën
adessive *-nudëlla *-nucilla
ablative *-nudëlta *-nucilta
allative *-nutëlën
*-nutëlëk		 *-nucilën
*-nucilëk
essive *-nunna *-nucina
translative *-nudëksi *-nuciksi
instructive *-nudën *-nucin
comitative *-nunnëk *-nucinëk
abessive *-nudëtta *-nucitta

Usage notes
  • After verb stems ending in *-l, *-n or *-s, *-nut is assimilated to the preceding consonant (*tuldak → *tullut, *pagët'ak (stem *pakene-)→ *pagënnut).
  • After verb stems ending in -t, the consonant is assimilated to the suffix *-nut (*hauk'ait'ak (stem *haukkaita-)→ *hauk'ainnut).

Descendants
  • Estonian: -nud
  • Finnish: -nut
  • Ingrian: -nt, -nut
  • Karelian: -nut
  • Livvi: -nuh
  • Veps: -nud
  • Võro: -nuq
  • Votic: -nut
  1. Merlijn de Smit, Proto-Uralic primary argument case-marking
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