< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/toɸareuɸokaneti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Inflection
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *toɸareuɸokanū | *toɸareuɸokanemam | *toɸareuɸokikanāsū | *toɸareuɸokekāna |
| 2nd singular | *toɸareuɸokanesi | *toɸareuɸokanetās | *toɸareuɸokikanāsesi | *toɸareuɸokekānas? |
| 3rd singular | *toɸareuɸokaneti | *toɸareuɸokaneto | *toɸareuɸokikanāseti | *toɸareuɸokekāne |
| 1st plural | *toɸareuɸokanomosi | *toɸareuɸokanemo | *toɸareuɸokikanāsomosi | *toɸareuɸokekānmo |
| 2nd plural | *toɸareuɸokanetesi | *toɸareuɸokanestē | *toɸareuɸokikanāsetesi | *toɸareuɸokekāne |
| 3rd plural | *toɸareuɸokanonti | *toɸareuɸokanento | *toɸareuɸokikanāsonti | *toɸareuɸokekānar |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *toɸareuɸokanasū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *toɸareuɸokanasesi | ? | *toɸareuɸokane | |
| 3rd singular | *toɸareuɸokanaseti | ? | *toɸareuɸokanetou | |
| 1st plural | *toɸareuɸokanasomosi | ? | *toɸareuɸokanomos | |
| 2nd plural | *toɸareuɸokanasetesi | ? | *toɸareuɸokanete | |
| 3rd plural | *toɸareuɸokanasonti | ? | *toɸareuɸokanontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *toɸareuɸokanūr | — | *toɸareuɸokikanāsūr | — |
| 2nd singular | *toɸareuɸokanetar | — | *toɸareuɸokikanāsetar | — |
| 3rd singular | *toɸareuɸokanetor | ? | *toɸareuɸokikanāsetor | — |
| 1st plural | *toɸareuɸokanommor | — | *toɸareuɸokikanāsommor | — |
| 2nd plural | *toɸareuɸokanedwe | — | *toɸareuɸokikanāsedwe | — |
| 3rd plural | *toɸareuɸokanontor | ? | *toɸareuɸokikanāsontor | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *toɸareuɸokanasūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *toɸareuɸokanasetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *toɸareuɸokanasetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *toɸareuɸokanasommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *toɸareuɸokanasedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *toɸareuɸokanasontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *toɸareuɸokantos | *toɸareuɸokantou | *toɸareuɸokantoi |
| vocative | *toɸareuɸokante | *toɸareuɸokantou | *toɸareuɸokantoi |
| accusative | *toɸareuɸokantom | *toɸareuɸokantou | *toɸareuɸokantoms |
| genitive | *toɸareuɸokantī | *toɸareuɸokantous | *toɸareuɸokantom |
| dative | *toɸareuɸokantūi | *toɸareuɸokantobom | *toɸareuɸokantobos |
| instrumental | *toɸareuɸokantū | *toɸareuɸokantobim | *toɸareuɸokantobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *toɸareuɸokantā | *toɸareuɸokantai | *toɸareuɸokantās |
| vocative | *toɸareuɸokantā | *toɸareuɸokantai | *toɸareuɸokantās |
| accusative | *toɸareuɸokantam | *toɸareuɸokantai | *toɸareuɸokantams |
| genitive | *toɸareuɸokantās | *toɸareuɸokantous | *toɸareuɸokantom |
| dative | *toɸareuɸokantai | *toɸareuɸokantābom | *toɸareuɸokantābos |
| instrumental | *? | *toɸareuɸokantābim | *toɸareuɸokantābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *toɸareuɸokantom | *toɸareuɸokantou | *toɸareuɸokantā |
| vocative | *toɸareuɸokantom | *toɸareuɸokantou | *toɸareuɸokantā |
| accusative | *toɸareuɸokantom | *toɸareuɸokantou | *toɸareuɸokantā |
| genitive | *toɸareuɸokantī | *toɸareuɸokantous | *toɸareuɸokantom |
| dative | *toɸareuɸokantūi | *toɸareuɸokantobom | *toɸareuɸokantobos |
| instrumental | *toɸareuɸokantū | *toɸareuɸokantobim | *toɸareuɸokantobis |
Derived terms
- Proto-Brythonic: *dėrwɵ̇gėnɨd
- Old Breton: darcenneti
- Welsh: darogan
- Goidelic:
- Old Irish: do·aurchain
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 382
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