Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kʷresnom

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kʷres- (“bush, thicket”); related to Proto-West Germanic *hursti (archaic English hurst) and Ancient Greek πρῖνος (prînos, “holm oak”).

Noun

*kʷresnom n

tree
wood

Inflection

Neuter o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kʷresnom	*kʷresnou	*kʷresnā
vocative	*kʷresnom	*kʷresnou	*kʷresnā
accusative	*kʷresnom	*kʷresnou	*kʷresnā
genitive	*kʷresnī	*kʷresnous	*kʷresnom
dative	*kʷresnūi	*kʷresnobom	*kʷresnobos
locative	*kʷresnei	*?	*?
instrumental	*kʷresnū	*kʷresnobim	*kʷresnūis

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *prenn
- Old Breton: pren
  - Middle Breton: prenn
    - Breton: prenn
- Old Cornish: pren
  - Cornish: pren
- Middle Welsh: prenn
  - Welsh: pren
Old Irish: crann
- Middle Irish: crann
  - Irish: crann
  - Manx: croan
  - Scottish Gaelic: crann
Gaulish: prenne (“big tree”)

References

Matasović, Ranko (2009) “kʷresno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 181
Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 160

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