< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic

Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/esyo

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ésyo, genitive singular of *éy.

Pronoun

*esyo m or n (feminine *esyās, plural *ēsom)[1][2]

  1. his
  2. its (with masculine or neuter referent)

Descendants

Descendants of *esyo generally triggered lenition, distinguishing it from feminine *esyās and plural *eisom, which triggered different mutations.

  • Proto-Brythonic: *eið[3]
    • Middle Breton: e
      • Breton: e
    • Cornish: y
    • Old Welsh: hi, i
      • Middle Welsh: y (“his, its”) (determiner), eidaw (disjunctive)
  • Old Irish: a (“his, its”) (determiner), aí (disjunctive)
    • Irish: a (“his, its”)
    • Scottish Gaelic: a (“his, its”)
    • Manx: e

References
  1. R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ei”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  2. Stüber, Karin (2017) “The morphology of Celtic”, in Jared Klein, Brian Joseph, Matthias Fritz, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics, volume 2, De Gruyter Mouton, page 1209 of 1203–1217
  3. Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 319
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