< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic

Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/Uɸortigernos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From *uɸor- (“over”) +‎ *tigernos (“lord, master”).

Proper noun

*Uɸortigernos m

  1. a male given name

Inflection
Masculine o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *Uɸortigernos — —
vocative *Uɸortigerne — —
accusative *Uɸortigernom — —
genitive *Uɸortigernī — —
dative *Uɸortigernūi — —
locative *Uɸortigernei — —
instrumental *Uɸortigernū — —

Descendants
  • Brythonic: *Gworθɨɣern
    • Old Breton: Guorthigern
      • Breton: Gourziern
    • Old Welsh: Guorthigirn
      • Middle Welsh: Gwrtheyrn
        • Welsh: Gwrtheyrn
    • → Old English: Wyrtġeorn [9th c. CE] [1]
    • → Latin: Vortigernus, Gurthigernus [5th–6th c. CE?],[2] Vertigernus [725 CE],[3] Uvertigernus [9th c. CE],[4] Vurtigernus[5]
  • Primitive Irish: ᚃᚑᚏᚈᚔᚌᚒᚏᚅ (vortigurn), ᚃᚑᚏᚏᚈᚔᚌᚒᚏᚅ (vorrtigurn)
    • Old Irish: Foirtchern

References
  1. Bately, Janet M. (1986) The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: A Collaborative Edition. Vol. 3: MS. A.
  2. Kerlouégan, François (1987) Le de excidio britanniae de Gildas (in French), →ISBN. Hugh Williams (1899) argued that the name was interpolated in later MSS., but the argument is inconclusive and rejected by some scholars. See Radford, C. A. Ralegh (1958) “Vortigern”, in Antiquity, volume 32, page 19.
  3. Jones, Charles W. (ed.), Beda Venerabilis (1977) De temporum ratione liber, Corpus Christianorum Series Latina 123B
  4. Dumville, David N. (1973) “A new chronicle-fragment of early British history”, in The English Historical Review, 88, page 314: “Annos CCCCXLVIIII Martinus cum Ualentiniano imperium su[scip]iens et vii annis [tenuit]; quorum tempore Angli, a Uuertigerno Brittonum rege arcessiti, Brittaniam adierunt quorum dux erat Hengist filius Ohta.”
  5. Chadwick, N.K. (ed.) (1954) Studies in Early British History
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