< Reconstruction:Proto-Algonquian

Reconstruction:Proto-Algonquian/ne-

This Proto-Algonquian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Algonquian

Alternative forms
  • *net- (see usage notes)
  • *ni·- (in some compounds, see usage notes)

Etymology

From Proto-Algic *neʔ-, whence also Yurok 'ne-, ʔne- (“my”) and Wiyot du-, d- (showing the hardening of the Proto-Algic nasal n to the stop d).

Prefix

*ne-

  1. my
    *ni·piči (“my tooth”)
    *ni·yawi (“my body”)
    *nemihsa (“my older sister”)

Usage notes
  • When prefixed to vowel-initial nouns, this prefix and the other three personal prefixes were separated from the nouns by *-t-, i.e. the prefixes became *net-, *ket-, etc. This practice, also present in Wiyot (dut-, etc), must have been present in Proto-Algic.[1]
  • When prefixed to certain words this prefix became *ni·- (and *ke- became *ki·-, etc).

Descendants
  • Plains Algonquian:
    • Blackfoot: no-, ni-, n- (“my”)
    • Arapaho: ne-, no- (“my”)
    • Cheyenne: na- (“my”)
  • Central Algonquian:
    • Cree: ni-, ᓂ- (ni-)
    • Menominee: nɛ-
    • Ojibwe: ni-
    • Fox: n-, nî-
    • Miami: ni- (“your”)
  • Eastern Algonquian:
    • Abenaki: n-
    • Malecite-Passamaquoddy: n-
    • Massachusett: ne-
    • Mohegan-Pequot: nu-
    • Mahican: n-, ne-, nd-, nt-, nch(e)- (“my”)
    • Unami: n-, ni-

Compare Quiripi née (“I”) (Unquachog).

See also

References
  • Hockett (1964)
  • Goddard (1975)
  • Siebert (1975)
  • Costa, David J. (2003) The Miami-Illinois Language (Studies in the Native Languages of the Americas), Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, →ISBN
  1. Ives Goddard, in an essay published in Linguistics and Anthropology
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