< Reconstruction:Old Persian

Reconstruction:Old Persian/vr̥dah

This Old Persian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Old Persian

Etymology

    From Proto-Iranian *wardah, *wr̥dah.

    Noun

    *vr̥dah[1][2]

    1. flower, rose

    Descendants
    • Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwl), [Book Pahlavi needed] (WLTʾ /⁠gul⁠/)
      • Classical Persian: گل (ɡul)
        • Dari: گل (gul)
        • Iranian Persian: گل (gol) (see there for further descendants)
        • Tajik: гул (gul)
        • → Gilaki: گل (gul)
        • → Ishkashimi: gul
        • → Northern Kurdish: gul
        • → Parachi: ګل (gul)
        • → Pashto: ګل (gul)
        • → Sanglechi: gɛl
        • → Shahmirzadi: [script needed] (gel)
        • → Wakhi: gul, gыl
        • → Yazghulami: г̊ол (g̊ol)
        • → Yidgha: گل (gul)
    • → Aramaic:
      Imperial Aramaic: 𐡅𐡀𐡓𐡃𐡀 (wardā, wurdā)
      Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: ורדא (wardā, wurdā)
    • → Old Armenian: վարդ (vard)
    • → Ancient Greek: ῥόδον (rhódon), βρόδον (bródon); ϝρόδον (wródon)
      • Greek: ρόδο (ródo)
      • ⇒ New Latin: rhodium (see there for further descendants)
      • →? Oscan:
        • →? Latin: rosa (see there for further descendants)

    References
    1. Ciancaglini, Claudia A. (2008) Iranian loanwords in Syriac (Beiträge zur Iranistik; 28), Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 2: “Old Persian *vrda-”
    2. Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 614: “Vṛda-, “rose””
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