-isso
Latin
Etymology
Borrowed from Ancient Greek -ίζω (-ízō), possibly via a variant -ίσσω that existed in the dialect of Tarentum in Southern Italy (as in σαλπίσσω, λακτίσσω).[1]
Suffix
-issō (present infinitive -issāre, perfect active -issāvī, supine -issātum); first conjugation
- Used to form similative verbs from nouns and adjectives.
Usage notes
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -issō (first conjugation) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | -issō | -issās | -issat | -issāmus | -issātis | -issant |
| imperfect | -issābam | -issābās | -issābat | -issābāmus | -issābātis | -issābant | |
| future | -issābō | -issābis | -issābit | -issābimus | -issābitis | -issābunt | |
| perfect | -issāvī | -issāvistī | -issāvit | -issāvimus | -issāvistis | -issāvērunt, -issāvēre | |
| pluperfect | -issāveram | -issāverās | -issāverat | -issāverāmus | -issāverātis | -issāverant | |
| future perfect | -issāverō | -issāveris | -issāverit | -issāverimus | -issāveritis | -issāverint | |
| sigmatic future1 | -issāssō | -issāssis | -issāssit | -issāssimus | -issāssitis | -issāssint | |
| passive | present | -issor | -issāris, -issāre |
-issātur | -issāmur | -issāminī | -issantur |
| imperfect | -issābar | -issābāris, -issābāre |
-issābātur | -issābāmur | -issābāminī | -issābantur | |
| future | -issābor | -issāberis, -issābere |
-issābitur | -issābimur | -issābiminī | -issābuntur | |
| perfect | -issātus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | -issātus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
| future perfect | -issātus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
| sigmatic future1 | -issāssor | -issāsseris | -issāssitur | — | — | — | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | -issem | -issēs | -isset | -issēmus | -issētis | -issent |
| imperfect | -issārem | -issārēs | -issāret | -issārēmus | -issārētis | -issārent | |
| perfect | -issāverim | -issāverīs | -issāverit | -issāverīmus | -issāverītis | -issāverint | |
| pluperfect | -issāvissem | -issāvissēs | -issāvisset | -issāvissēmus | -issāvissētis | -issāvissent | |
| sigmatic aorist1 | -issāssim | -issāssīs | -issāssīt | -issāssīmus | -issāssītis | -issāssint | |
| passive | present | -isser | -issēris, -issēre |
-issētur | -issēmur | -issēminī | -issentur |
| imperfect | -issārer | -issārēris, -issārēre |
-issārētur | -issārēmur | -issārēminī | -issārentur | |
| perfect | -issātus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| pluperfect | -issātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | -issā | — | — | -issāte | — |
| future | — | -issātō | -issātō | — | -issātōte | -issantō | |
| passive | present | — | -issāre | — | — | -issāminī | — |
| future | — | -issātor | -issātor | — | — | -issantor | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | -issāre | -issāvisse | -issātūrum esse | -issārī, -issārier2 |
-issātum esse | -issātum īrī | |
| participles | -issāns | — | -issātūrus | — | -issātus | -issandus | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| -issandī | -issandō | -issandum | -issandō | -issātum | -issātū | ||
1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.
2The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.
References
- Hartmut Haberland (2019) “On the limits of etymology”, in Acta Linguistica Hafniensia: International Journal of Linguistics, volume 51, number 1, page 9
- Olivia Claire Cockburn (2010) “The use of the Latin-izare (-issare ,-idiare ) suffix in early Christian literature”, in Revista de Estudios Latinos, volume 10, pages 108-109