-ийн
Mongolian
Etymology
From Classical Mongolian ᠦᠨ (-ün) and ᠶᠢᠨ (-yin), from Middle Mongol ᠦᠨ (-ün) and ᠶᠢᠨ (-yin).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /iːŋ/ (making a back-vowel mutation to the previous syllable: /a/ to /ɛ/, /ɔ/ to /ɵ/, /ʊ/ to /ʏ/)
Suffix
-ийн • (-iin)
- Marks the genitive case in the regular declension:
- After a front vowel stem ending in a consonant other than н (n).
- After a front vowel stem ending in a consonant followed by a short vowel (which is supplanted).
- эрдэнэ (erdene, “treasure”) + -ийн (-iin) → эрдэнийн (erdeniin, “treasure’s, of treasure”)
- After a front vowel stem ending in an iotated vowel.
- үе (üje, “joint”) + -ийн (-iin) → үеийн (üjeiin, “of the joint”).
- After a front or back vowel stem ending in ь (ʹ) or и (i) (which is supplanted).
- толь (tolʹ, “mirror”) + -ийн (-iin) → толийн (toliin, “mirror’s, of mirror”)
- After a front or back vowel stem ending in the consonant г (g), к (k), ж (ž), ч (č), ш (š) or щ (šč).
- тайж (tajž) + -ийн (-iin) → тайжийн (tajžiin)
- Forms patronymics.
Alternative forms
Derived terms
- -ийнх (-iinx)
- -ийнхээ (-iinxee), -ийнхөө (-iinxöö); -ийнхаа (-iinxaa), -ийнхоо (-iinxoo)
See also
- -т (-t)
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