-ακός

See also: -άκος, ἄκος, and Appendix:Variations of "akos"

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From -κός (-kós) with an added α from ā-stems and later extended to other nouns. Cognate with Proto-Celtic *-ākos (whence Old Irish -ach and Welsh -og) and Proto-Germanic *-agaz (whence Old Norse -agr and Gothic -𐌰𐌲𐍃 (-ags)).

Pronunciation
 

Suffix

-ᾰκός • (-akós) m (feminine -ᾰκή, neuter -ᾰκόν); first/second declension

  1. Added to noun stems to form adjectives: of or pertaining to, in the manner of; -ac
    ‎καρδίᾱ (kardíā) + ‎-ακός (-akós) → ‎καρδιακός (kardiakós)
    ‎Αἰγύπτιος (Aigúptios) + ‎-ακός (-akós) → ‎Αἰγυπτιακός (Aiguptiakós)

Inflection
First and second declension of -ᾰκός; -ᾰκή; -ᾰκόν (Attic)
Number Singular Dual Plural
Case/Gender MasculineFeminine Neuter MasculineFeminine Neuter MasculineFeminine Neuter
Nominative -ᾰκός
-akós		 -ᾰκή
-akḗ		 -ᾰκόν
-akón		 -ᾰκώ
-akṓ		 -ᾰκᾱ́
-akā́		 -ᾰκώ
-akṓ		 -ᾰκοί
-akoí		 -ᾰκαί
-akaí		 -ᾰκᾰ́
-aká
Genitive -ᾰκοῦ
-akoû		 -ᾰκῆς
-akês		 -ᾰκοῦ
-akoû		 -ᾰκοῖν
-akoîn		 -ᾰκαῖν
-akaîn		 -ᾰκοῖν
-akoîn		 -ᾰκῶν
-akôn		 -ᾰκῶν
-akôn		 -ᾰκῶν
-akôn
Dative -ᾰκῷ
-akôi		 -ᾰκῇ
-akêi		 -ᾰκῷ
-akôi		 -ᾰκοῖν
-akoîn		 -ᾰκαῖν
-akaîn		 -ᾰκοῖν
-akoîn		 -ᾰκοῖς
-akoîs		 -ᾰκαῖς
-akaîs		 -ᾰκοῖς
-akoîs
Accusative -ᾰκόν
-akón		 -ᾰκήν
-akḗn		 -ᾰκόν
-akón		 -ᾰκώ
-akṓ		 -ᾰκᾱ́
-akā́		 -ᾰκώ
-akṓ		 -ᾰκούς
-akoús		 -ᾰκᾱ́ς
-akā́s		 -ᾰκᾰ́
-aká
Vocative -ᾰκέ
-aké		 -ᾰκή
-akḗ		 -ᾰκόν
-akón		 -ᾰκώ
-akṓ		 -ᾰκᾱ́
-akā́		 -ᾰκώ
-akṓ		 -ᾰκοί
-akoí		 -ᾰκαί
-akaí		 -ᾰκᾰ́
-aká
Derived forms Adverb Comparative Superlative
-ᾰκῶς
-akôs		 -ᾰκώτερος
-akṓteros		 -ᾰκώτᾰτος
-akṓtatos
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms
Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -ακός

Descendants
  • Greek: -ακός (-akós)
  • → Latin: -acus
    • → English: -ac

Further reading
  • Smyth, Herbert Weir (1920) “Part III: Formation of Words”, in A Greek grammar for colleges, Cambridge: American Book Company, § 858
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