๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ
Prakrit
Etymology
Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit ๐ฎ๐ฅ (ladha /โ laddhaโ /), ๐จซ๐จข (ladha /โ laddhaโ /); see there for more.
Declension
| Maharastri declension of ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ (masculine) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ (laddho) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (laddhฤ) |
| Accusative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ (laddhaแน) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ (laddhe) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (laddhฤ) |
| Instrumental | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐๐ก (laddheแนa) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐๐ก๐ (laddheแนaแน) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐๐ณ๐บ (laddhehi) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐๐ณ๐บ๐ (laddhehiแน) |
| Dative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤa) | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤo) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤu) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (laddhฤ) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ณ๐บ (laddhฤhi) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (laddhฤhiแนto) | โ |
| Genitive | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (laddhassa) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ก (laddhฤแนa) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ก๐ (laddhฤแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ซ๐๐ซ๐บ (laddhammi) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ (laddhe) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐๐ฒ๐ผ (laddhesu) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (laddhesuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ (laddha) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (laddhฤ) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (laddhฤ) |
| Maharastri declension of ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (feminine) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (laddhฤ) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤo) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤu) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (laddhฤ) |
| Accusative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ (laddhaแน) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤo) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤu) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (laddhฤ) |
| Instrumental | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤe) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤi) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤa) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ณ๐บ (laddhฤhi) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ณ๐บ๐ (laddhฤhiแน) |
| Dative | โ | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤo) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤu) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (laddhฤhiแนto) |
| Genitive | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤe) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤi) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤa) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ก (laddhฤแนa) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ก๐ (laddhฤแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤe) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤi) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤa) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ฒ๐ผ (laddhฤsu) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (laddhฤsuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ (laddhe) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (laddhฤ) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤo) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤu) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (laddhฤ) |
| Maharastri declension of ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ (neuter) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| Nominative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ (laddhaแน) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐๐ (laddhฤiแน) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤi) |
| Accusative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ (laddhaแน) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐๐ (laddhฤiแน) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤi) |
| Instrumental | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐๐ก (laddheแนa) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐๐ก๐ (laddheแนaแน) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐๐ณ๐บ (laddhehi) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐๐ณ๐บ๐ (laddhehiแน) |
| Dative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤa) | โ |
| Ablative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤo) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤu) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (laddhฤ) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ณ๐บ (laddhฤhi) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ณ๐บ๐๐ข๐ (laddhฤhiแนto) | โ |
| Genitive | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (laddhassa) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ก (laddhฤแนa) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ก๐ (laddhฤแนaแน) |
| Locative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ซ๐๐ซ๐บ (laddhammi) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ (laddhe) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐๐ฒ๐ผ (laddhesu) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐๐ฒ๐ผ๐ (laddhesuแน) |
| Vocative | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ (laddha) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ (laddhฤ) | ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐๐ (laddhฤiแน) or ๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ๐ธ๐ (laddhฤi) |
Descendants
- Old Punjabi: เจฒเจงเจพ (laddฤ), เจฒเจพเจงเจพ (lฤdhฤ)
- Punjabi: laddhฤ
- Gurmukhi script: เจฒเฉฑเจงเจพ
- Shahmukhi script: ูุฏฺูพุง
- Punjabi: laddhฤ
- Sinhalese: เถฝเถฏ (lada)
Verb
๐ฎ๐ค๐๐ฅ (laddha) (Devanagari เคฒเคฆเฅเคง)
- (Maharastri) past participle of ๐ฎ๐ณ๐ (lahaรฏ)
- (Sauraseni) past participle of ๐ฎ๐ณ๐ค๐บ (lahadi)
Further reading
- Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923-1928) โเคฒเคฆเฅเคงโ, in เคชเคพเคเค -เคธเคฆเฅเคฆ-เคฎเคนเคฃเฅเคฃเคตเฅ [Pฤia-Sadda-Mahaแนแนavo; lit. Ocean of Prakrit words] (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
- Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 191.
- Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakritโ, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, pages 18, 51, 210.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969โ1985) โlabdhaโ, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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