𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀

Avestan
FWOTD – 29 April 2017

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *HáyšHmah.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /aeːʂəma/

Noun

𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀 • (aēšəma) m[1] (Old Avestan)

  1. anger, fury, madness, wrath
    • Hymn to Haoma Yasna 10.8:
      𐬬𐬍𐬯𐬞𐬈 ⸱ 𐬰𐬍 ⸱ 𐬀𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬉 ⸱ 𐬨𐬀𐬜𐬃𐬢𐬵𐬋 ⸱ 𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀 ⸱ 𐬵𐬀𐬗𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬈 ⸱ 𐬑𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬍𐬨 ⸱ 𐬛𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬋 ⸱ 𐬁𐬀𐬝 ⸱ 𐬵𐬋 ⸱ 𐬫𐬋 ⸱ 𐬵𐬀𐬊𐬨𐬀𐬵𐬈 ⸱ 𐬨𐬀𐬜𐬋 ⸱ 𐬀𐬴𐬀 ⸱ 𐬵𐬀𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬈
      vīspe . zī . aniiē . maδā̊ŋhō . aēṣ̌ma . haciṇte . xruuīm . druuō . āat̰ . hō . yō . haomahe . maδō . aṣ̌a . hacaite
      All other intoxicants bring on the madness of a bloody club, but the intoxication of Haoma brings Truth[2]
  2. (Zoroastrianism) Aeshma (the hypostasis of brutality and violence, as opposed to Truth)[3]

Declension
Declension of 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀 (OAv, masculine a-stem)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬋
aēšəmō		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬁
aēšəmā		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬁
aēšəmā
Vocative 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬁
aēšəmā		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬁
aēšəmā		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬁
aēšəmā
Accusative 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬆𐬨
aēšəməm		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬁
aēšəmā		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬇𐬧𐬔
aēšəmə̄ṇg
Instrumental 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬁
aēšəmā		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬋𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬁
aēšəmōibiiā		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬁𐬌𐬱
aēšəmāiš
Dative 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬁𐬌
aēšəmāi		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬋𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬁
aēšəmōibiiā		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬋
aēšəmaēibiiō
Ablative 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬁𐬝
aēšəmāt̰		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬋𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬁
aēšəmōibiiā		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬉𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬌𐬋
aēšəmaēibiiō
Genitive 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬵𐬌𐬌𐬁
aēšəmahiiā		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬃
aēšəmaiiā̊		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬥𐬄𐬨
aēšəmanąm
Locative 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬉
aēšəmē		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬋
aēšəmaiiō		 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬏
aēšəmaēšū

References
  1. Kanga, Kavasji Edalji (1900) “𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀”, in A Complete Dictionary of the Avesta Language‎, Bombay: Education society's steam press, page 12
  2. “Lesson 6: Young Avestan”, in Old Iranian Online‎, 2017
  3. Asmussen, J. P. (1983) “AĒŠMA”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, volume I, fascicle 5, pages 479-480
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