πŒ²πŒΉπƒπ„π‚πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒ²πŒΉπƒ

Gothic

FWOTD – 13 April 2024

Etymology

From πŒ²πŒΉπƒπ„π‚πŒ°- (gistra-, compare yester-) +β€Ž *πŒ³πŒ°πŒ²πŒΉπƒ (*dagis, β€œby day”, adverbial form of πŒ³πŒ°πŒ²πƒ (dags)). Alternatively, the compound may be an adverbial form of an unattested noun *πŒ²πŒΉπƒπ„π‚πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒ²πƒ (*gistradags, β€œtomorrow”) +β€Ž -πŒΉπƒ (-is).

The first element, which usually points to a preceding day (and not a following day, as in Gothic), has attracted some scholarly attention. It has been suggested that the meaning in Gothic shifted from β€œyesterday” to β€œadjacent day”, and thence to its singly attested meaning of β€œtomorrow” in Gothic. Compare also the use of the etymologically related Old Norse gΓ¦r (which normally means β€œyesterday”) to indicate β€œtomorrow” in HamΓ°ismΓ‘l 30:6.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑis.traˌda.Ι£is/

Adverb

πŒ²πŒΉπƒπ„π‚πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒ²πŒΉπƒ β€’ (gistradagis)

  1. (hapax) tomorrow
    • 4th century C.E., Wulfila (attributed), Gothic Bible, Matthew 6:30:
      𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴 πŒΈπŒ°π„πŒ° πŒ·πŒ°π…πŒΉ πŒ·πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈπŒΎπ‰πƒ 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰 π…πŒΉπƒπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³π‰ 𐌾𐌰𐌷 πŒ²πŒΉπƒπ„π‚πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒ²πŒΉπƒ 𐌹̈𐌽 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌸 𐌲𐌿𐌸 πƒπ…πŒ° π…πŒ°πƒπŒΎπŒΉπŒΈ, πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ° πŒΌπŒ°πŒΉπƒ πŒΉΜˆπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ πŒ»πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πŒΉπŒ» πŒ²πŒ°πŒ»πŒ°πŒΏπŒ±πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ?
      jah ΓΎandΔ“ ΓΎata hawi haiΓΎjōs himma daga wisandō jah gistradagis Γ―n auhn galagiΓΎ guΓΎ swa wasjiΓΎ, Ζ•aiwa mais Γ―zwis leitil galaubjandans?
      If that is how God clothes the grass of the field, which is here today and tomorrow is thrown into the fire, will he not much more clothe youβ€”you of little faith? (NIV)

References

  • Lehmann, W., A Gothic Etymological Dictionary (Leiden 1986) p. 156.
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