πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *andastandanΔ…. By surface analysis, 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-) +β€Ž πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½ (standan).

Verb

πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (andstandan)

  1. to stand against, to oppose
  2. to withstand, to resist

Conjugation

Present tense with n-infix. The past participle is not attested but was in all likelihood *πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πƒ (*andstaΓΎans), since the participle stem is formed with the same vowel as the present stem but without the n-infix marking the present tense.

Class 6 strong, irregular
Infinitive πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½
andstandan
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
andstanda		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈ
andstōþ		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
andstandada
2nd singular πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπƒ
andstandis		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πƒπ„
andstōst		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
andstandaza
3rd singular πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ
andstandiΓΎ		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈ
andstōþ		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
andstandada
1st dual πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³π‰πƒ
andstandōs		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏ
andstōþu		 β€”
2nd dual πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°π„πƒ
andstandats		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏπ„πƒ
andstōþuts		 β€”
1st plural πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΌ
andstandam		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏπŒΌ
andstōþum		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
andstandanda
2nd plural πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ
andstandiΓΎ		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏπŒΈ
andstōþuΓΎ		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
andstandanda
3rd plural πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
andstandand		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΏπŒ½
andstōþun		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
andstandanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
andstandau		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
andstōþjau		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
andstandaidau
2nd singular πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπƒ
andstandais		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
andstōþeis		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
andstandaizau
3rd singular πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉ
andstandai		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒΉ
andstōþi		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
andstandaidau
1st dual πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
andstandaiwa		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
andstōþeiwa		 β€”
2nd dual πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
andstandaits		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
andstōþeits		 β€”
1st plural πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
andstandaima		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
andstōþeima		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
andstandaindau
2nd plural πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
andstandaiΓΎ		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
andstōþeiΓΎ		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
andstandaindau
3rd plural πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
andstandaina		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
andstōþeina		 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
andstandaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
andstand
3rd singular πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
andstandadau
2nd dual πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°π„πƒ
andstandats
2nd plural πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ
andstandiΓΎ
3rd plural πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
andstandandau
Present Past
Participles πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
andstandands		 *πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒπ„πŒ°πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πƒ
*andstaΓΎans
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